Invasive candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in hospitalized patients in the developed world, comprising candidiasis and deep-seated candidiasis. It is associated with high mortality, even with antifungal treatment, and is increasingly caused by non-albicans Candida species. The global incidence of candidemia is around 2-14 per 100,000 people, with a mortality rate of up to 40%. The disease is often linked to central vascular catheters, recent surgery, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Diagnosis includes blood cultures, surrogate markers like β-D-glucan, and PCR assays. Treatment options include echinocandins, which have shown better outcomes than azoles in many cases. Prophylaxis is considered for high-risk ICU patients, though its effectiveness is limited. Early antifungal therapy is associated with reduced mortality, but no prospective studies have validated this. Echinocandins are generally preferred for most patients, with a step-down strategy to azoles after clinical stabilization. Resistance to antifungal drugs is emerging, particularly in Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis. Management strategies are evolving, emphasizing early intervention, non-culture-based diagnostics, and personalized risk profiles. Future research is needed to validate the role of non-culture diagnostics in early treatment.Invasive candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in hospitalized patients in the developed world, comprising candidiasis and deep-seated candidiasis. It is associated with high mortality, even with antifungal treatment, and is increasingly caused by non-albicans Candida species. The global incidence of candidemia is around 2-14 per 100,000 people, with a mortality rate of up to 40%. The disease is often linked to central vascular catheters, recent surgery, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Diagnosis includes blood cultures, surrogate markers like β-D-glucan, and PCR assays. Treatment options include echinocandins, which have shown better outcomes than azoles in many cases. Prophylaxis is considered for high-risk ICU patients, though its effectiveness is limited. Early antifungal therapy is associated with reduced mortality, but no prospective studies have validated this. Echinocandins are generally preferred for most patients, with a step-down strategy to azoles after clinical stabilization. Resistance to antifungal drugs is emerging, particularly in Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis. Management strategies are evolving, emphasizing early intervention, non-culture-based diagnostics, and personalized risk profiles. Future research is needed to validate the role of non-culture diagnostics in early treatment.