The article "Involvement and Repair of Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Allergic Diseases" by Hui-Fei Lu et al. explores the role of epithelial barrier dysfunction in the development and progression of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic rhinitis (AR), atopic dermatitis (AD), and food allergy (FA). The authors highlight the importance of environmental factors, particularly industrialization and urbanization, in exacerbating these conditions. The epithelial barrier, which includes the skin, gastrointestinal system, and respiratory tract, plays a crucial role in protecting the body from external threats. Disruption of this barrier can lead to microbial dysregulation, bacterial translocation, and microinflammation, contributing to the onset and exacerbation of allergic diseases. The article discusses the composition and function of the epithelial barrier, emphasizing the roles of tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions (AJs), and desmosomes in maintaining barrier integrity. It also reviews the impact of various environmental factors, such as particulate matter (PM), nanoparticles, ozone, tobacco, and allergen enzymes, on epithelial barrier dysfunction. These factors can disrupt the structure and function of the barrier, leading to increased permeability and immune responses. Additionally, the article examines the role of microbial dysbiosis in allergic diseases, noting that changes in gut, oral, and skin microbiota can contribute to immune-mediated diseases. It also reviews methods for evaluating epithelial barrier function, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), tissue biopsy, and electrophysiological measurements. Finally, the authors discuss potential interventions to repair epithelial barrier dysfunction, emphasizing the need for further research to develop innovative therapeutic strategies. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases, highlighting the multifaceted nature of these conditions and the potential for targeted interventions to improve barrier function and reduce allergic responses.The article "Involvement and Repair of Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Allergic Diseases" by Hui-Fei Lu et al. explores the role of epithelial barrier dysfunction in the development and progression of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic rhinitis (AR), atopic dermatitis (AD), and food allergy (FA). The authors highlight the importance of environmental factors, particularly industrialization and urbanization, in exacerbating these conditions. The epithelial barrier, which includes the skin, gastrointestinal system, and respiratory tract, plays a crucial role in protecting the body from external threats. Disruption of this barrier can lead to microbial dysregulation, bacterial translocation, and microinflammation, contributing to the onset and exacerbation of allergic diseases. The article discusses the composition and function of the epithelial barrier, emphasizing the roles of tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions (AJs), and desmosomes in maintaining barrier integrity. It also reviews the impact of various environmental factors, such as particulate matter (PM), nanoparticles, ozone, tobacco, and allergen enzymes, on epithelial barrier dysfunction. These factors can disrupt the structure and function of the barrier, leading to increased permeability and immune responses. Additionally, the article examines the role of microbial dysbiosis in allergic diseases, noting that changes in gut, oral, and skin microbiota can contribute to immune-mediated diseases. It also reviews methods for evaluating epithelial barrier function, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), tissue biopsy, and electrophysiological measurements. Finally, the authors discuss potential interventions to repair epithelial barrier dysfunction, emphasizing the need for further research to develop innovative therapeutic strategies. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases, highlighting the multifaceted nature of these conditions and the potential for targeted interventions to improve barrier function and reduce allergic responses.