Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron dependency, plays a crucial role in various diseases, including infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This review highlights the mechanisms and regulatory factors of ferroptosis, its impact on immune homeostasis, and potential therapeutic applications. Ferroptosis is initiated and propagated by organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi, and lysosomes. Immune cells can induce and undergo ferroptosis, and understanding how ferroptosis regulates immunity is essential for developing novel therapies. The review discusses the role of ferroptosis in infectious diseases, where pathogens exploit it for survival, and in autoimmune diseases, where it contributes to pathogenesis. In cancer, ferroptosis is involved in anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy, with T cells and immune checkpoint blockade playing key roles. The review also explores the complex interplay between ferroptosis and different immune cell types, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells, and the potential for targeting ferroptosis to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Overall, the review emphasizes the need for further research to translate ferroptosis-modulating strategies into clinical treatments.Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron dependency, plays a crucial role in various diseases, including infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This review highlights the mechanisms and regulatory factors of ferroptosis, its impact on immune homeostasis, and potential therapeutic applications. Ferroptosis is initiated and propagated by organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi, and lysosomes. Immune cells can induce and undergo ferroptosis, and understanding how ferroptosis regulates immunity is essential for developing novel therapies. The review discusses the role of ferroptosis in infectious diseases, where pathogens exploit it for survival, and in autoimmune diseases, where it contributes to pathogenesis. In cancer, ferroptosis is involved in anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy, with T cells and immune checkpoint blockade playing key roles. The review also explores the complex interplay between ferroptosis and different immune cell types, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells, and the potential for targeting ferroptosis to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Overall, the review emphasizes the need for further research to translate ferroptosis-modulating strategies into clinical treatments.