The paper "Is There a Glass Ceiling in Sweden?" by James Albrecht, Anders Björklund, and Susan Vroman examines the gender wage gap in Sweden using data from 1998. The authors find that the gender log wage gap increases throughout the wage distribution, with a sharp acceleration at the upper tail, indicating a "glass ceiling" effect. This pattern was not observed in earlier data from the 1980s but was more pronounced in the 1990s. The study also compares the Swedish gender gap with that of the U.S., finding that the Swedish gap is larger at the top of the wage distribution despite a smaller average gap in Sweden. The authors use quantile regression to analyze whether this pattern can be attributed to differences in labor market characteristics or rewards to those characteristics. They find that even after controlling for age, education, sector, industry, and occupation, the glass ceiling effect persists. The paper concludes that the glass ceiling effect is primarily due to differences in rewards across genders at the top of the wage distribution.The paper "Is There a Glass Ceiling in Sweden?" by James Albrecht, Anders Björklund, and Susan Vroman examines the gender wage gap in Sweden using data from 1998. The authors find that the gender log wage gap increases throughout the wage distribution, with a sharp acceleration at the upper tail, indicating a "glass ceiling" effect. This pattern was not observed in earlier data from the 1980s but was more pronounced in the 1990s. The study also compares the Swedish gender gap with that of the U.S., finding that the Swedish gap is larger at the top of the wage distribution despite a smaller average gap in Sweden. The authors use quantile regression to analyze whether this pattern can be attributed to differences in labor market characteristics or rewards to those characteristics. They find that even after controlling for age, education, sector, industry, and occupation, the glass ceiling effect persists. The paper concludes that the glass ceiling effect is primarily due to differences in rewards across genders at the top of the wage distribution.