The paper "Isogeometric Analysis Using T-Splines" by Y. Bazilevs et al. explores the use of T-splines, a generalization of NURBS, as a basis for isogeometric analysis. T-splines enable local refinement and are designed to address the limitations of NURBS, such as gaps and overlaps at surface intersections, which can complicate mesh generation and analysis. The authors review T-splines as a surface design methodology and develop them for engineering analysis applications. They test T-splines on various two-dimensional and three-dimensional fluid and structural analysis problems, achieving good results. The paper also discusses the current status, limitations, and future possibilities of T-splines in isogeometric analysis. The authors highlight the benefits of using T-splines for design optimization, verification and validation, uncertainty quantification, and high-performance computing. They conclude by emphasizing the need for fundamental changes in the integration of CAD and FEA to fully realize the potential of isogeometric analysis.The paper "Isogeometric Analysis Using T-Splines" by Y. Bazilevs et al. explores the use of T-splines, a generalization of NURBS, as a basis for isogeometric analysis. T-splines enable local refinement and are designed to address the limitations of NURBS, such as gaps and overlaps at surface intersections, which can complicate mesh generation and analysis. The authors review T-splines as a surface design methodology and develop them for engineering analysis applications. They test T-splines on various two-dimensional and three-dimensional fluid and structural analysis problems, achieving good results. The paper also discusses the current status, limitations, and future possibilities of T-splines in isogeometric analysis. The authors highlight the benefits of using T-splines for design optimization, verification and validation, uncertainty quantification, and high-performance computing. They conclude by emphasizing the need for fundamental changes in the integration of CAD and FEA to fully realize the potential of isogeometric analysis.