The passage covers several notable figures and events in the fields of mathematics, science, and politics. John Edensor Littlewood, a renowned mathematician, is known for his contributions during World Wars I and II and his mentorship of young researchers. He was elected to the Royal Society at 30 and received prestigious medals for his work. A. S. Besicovitch, a successor to Littlewood, made significant contributions to real variable analysis, including solving a long-standing problem about the area of a curve and rediscovering a result by Tietze. Thomas Garrigue Masaryk, the first president of Czechoslovakia, is celebrated for his role in promoting Czech culture and politics, despite facing challenges during World War II. The passage also mentions the election of foreign members to the Geological Society and the transition of the editorship of the Journal of the Optical Society of America to Dr. Wallace R. Brode. Finally, it notes criticisms about the lack of progress in science education for adults despite public interest.The passage covers several notable figures and events in the fields of mathematics, science, and politics. John Edensor Littlewood, a renowned mathematician, is known for his contributions during World Wars I and II and his mentorship of young researchers. He was elected to the Royal Society at 30 and received prestigious medals for his work. A. S. Besicovitch, a successor to Littlewood, made significant contributions to real variable analysis, including solving a long-standing problem about the area of a curve and rediscovering a result by Tietze. Thomas Garrigue Masaryk, the first president of Czechoslovakia, is celebrated for his role in promoting Czech culture and politics, despite facing challenges during World War II. The passage also mentions the election of foreign members to the Geological Society and the transition of the editorship of the Journal of the Optical Society of America to Dr. Wallace R. Brode. Finally, it notes criticisms about the lack of progress in science education for adults despite public interest.