This paper explores the implementation of groupware, specifically Lotus Notes, in an organization to understand how it changes work practices and social interactions. The study, conducted at Alpha Corporation, reveals that people's mental models and the organization's structure and culture significantly influence the implementation and use of groupware. Specifically, without mental models that emphasize collaboration, groupware is often interpreted as personal, stand-alone technologies like spreadsheets. Additionally, the culture and structure of the organization, which often lack incentives or norms for cooperation or sharing expertise, make it difficult for groupware to foster collaboration. The findings highlight the importance of recognizing these cognitive and organizational elements for developers, researchers, and practitioners of groupware. The research also discusses the role of communication, training, reward systems, policies, and firm culture in the adoption and early use of groupware. Despite the initial challenges, the implementation of Notes has led to the installation of a sophisticated technology infrastructure, positioning the organization well for future technological and work-related initiatives.This paper explores the implementation of groupware, specifically Lotus Notes, in an organization to understand how it changes work practices and social interactions. The study, conducted at Alpha Corporation, reveals that people's mental models and the organization's structure and culture significantly influence the implementation and use of groupware. Specifically, without mental models that emphasize collaboration, groupware is often interpreted as personal, stand-alone technologies like spreadsheets. Additionally, the culture and structure of the organization, which often lack incentives or norms for cooperation or sharing expertise, make it difficult for groupware to foster collaboration. The findings highlight the importance of recognizing these cognitive and organizational elements for developers, researchers, and practitioners of groupware. The research also discusses the role of communication, training, reward systems, policies, and firm culture in the adoption and early use of groupware. Despite the initial challenges, the implementation of Notes has led to the installation of a sophisticated technology infrastructure, positioning the organization well for future technological and work-related initiatives.