Leptogenesis, primordial gravitational waves, and PBH-induced reheating

Leptogenesis, primordial gravitational waves, and PBH-induced reheating

1 Aug 2024 | Basabendu Barman, Suruj Jyoti Das, Md Riajul Haque, Yann Mambrini
The paper explores the possibility of generating the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe through the evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in an inflaton-dominated background. It considers the inflaton oscillating in a monomial potential and shows that the desired baryon asymmetry can be achieved via leptogenesis from evaporating PBHs with initial masses less than ~10 grams. The analysis reveals that the allowed parameter space is heavily influenced by the inflaton potential's shape, PBH energy density, and the coupling between the inflaton and the Standard Model. The study also includes gravitational leptogenesis through inflaton scattering via graviton exchange, which opens a larger window for PBH masses depending on the background equation of state. The scenario is testable with upcoming gravitational wave detectors, as it produces a blue-tilted primordial gravitational wave spectrum with an inflationary origin. The paper discusses two scenarios: one where PBHs dominate the energy budget during reheating and another where they do not. In the first scenario, PBH evaporation dominates reheating, while in the second, the inflaton field plays a more significant role. The paper also considers the production of right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) through both PBH evaporation and gravitational interactions, and shows that the baryon asymmetry can be generated through non-thermal leptogenesis. The results indicate that the necessary PBH mass for viable baryogenesis is less than ~10 grams, and that the parameter space is constrained by the observed baryon asymmetry and CMB constraints. The study concludes that gravitational leptogenesis through graviton exchange is a viable source of baryonic asymmetry in the early Universe.The paper explores the possibility of generating the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe through the evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in an inflaton-dominated background. It considers the inflaton oscillating in a monomial potential and shows that the desired baryon asymmetry can be achieved via leptogenesis from evaporating PBHs with initial masses less than ~10 grams. The analysis reveals that the allowed parameter space is heavily influenced by the inflaton potential's shape, PBH energy density, and the coupling between the inflaton and the Standard Model. The study also includes gravitational leptogenesis through inflaton scattering via graviton exchange, which opens a larger window for PBH masses depending on the background equation of state. The scenario is testable with upcoming gravitational wave detectors, as it produces a blue-tilted primordial gravitational wave spectrum with an inflationary origin. The paper discusses two scenarios: one where PBHs dominate the energy budget during reheating and another where they do not. In the first scenario, PBH evaporation dominates reheating, while in the second, the inflaton field plays a more significant role. The paper also considers the production of right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) through both PBH evaporation and gravitational interactions, and shows that the baryon asymmetry can be generated through non-thermal leptogenesis. The results indicate that the necessary PBH mass for viable baryogenesis is less than ~10 grams, and that the parameter space is constrained by the observed baryon asymmetry and CMB constraints. The study concludes that gravitational leptogenesis through graviton exchange is a viable source of baryonic asymmetry in the early Universe.
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Understanding Leptogenesis%2C primordial gravitational waves%2C and PBH-induced reheating