Sustainability science has emerged as a field aiming to address complex, multi-dimensional problems facing humanity. However, current sustainability interventions often target weak leverage points, which are easy to implement but have limited potential for transformational change. The authors argue that sustainability science needs to focus on deeper leverage points that can lead to more significant and lasting changes. They propose a research agenda centered on three key realms of leverage: reconnecting people to nature, restructuring institutions, and rethinking how knowledge is created and used. These realms are crucial for addressing the root causes of unsustainability and fostering transformational change. The concept of leverage points, inspired by Donella Meadows, offers a framework for identifying and applying interventions that can lead to fundamental changes in systems. The authors emphasize the importance of systems thinking and the need to move beyond disciplinary approaches to address the interconnected biophysical, social, economic, legal, and ethical dimensions of sustainability. They also highlight the importance of understanding the interactions between different leverage points and the need for integrated, system-oriented approaches to sustainability. The research agenda proposed includes synthesizing existing research on leverage points, identifying concrete leverage points for sustainability transformation, and studying the interactions between shallow and deep leverage points. The authors argue that sustainability science should focus on deep leverage points to address the underlying causes of unsustainability and achieve meaningful transformation.Sustainability science has emerged as a field aiming to address complex, multi-dimensional problems facing humanity. However, current sustainability interventions often target weak leverage points, which are easy to implement but have limited potential for transformational change. The authors argue that sustainability science needs to focus on deeper leverage points that can lead to more significant and lasting changes. They propose a research agenda centered on three key realms of leverage: reconnecting people to nature, restructuring institutions, and rethinking how knowledge is created and used. These realms are crucial for addressing the root causes of unsustainability and fostering transformational change. The concept of leverage points, inspired by Donella Meadows, offers a framework for identifying and applying interventions that can lead to fundamental changes in systems. The authors emphasize the importance of systems thinking and the need to move beyond disciplinary approaches to address the interconnected biophysical, social, economic, legal, and ethical dimensions of sustainability. They also highlight the importance of understanding the interactions between different leverage points and the need for integrated, system-oriented approaches to sustainability. The research agenda proposed includes synthesizing existing research on leverage points, identifying concrete leverage points for sustainability transformation, and studying the interactions between shallow and deep leverage points. The authors argue that sustainability science should focus on deep leverage points to address the underlying causes of unsustainability and achieve meaningful transformation.