The article discusses the relationship between lifestyle changes, industrialization, and the increasing prevalence of allergic and inflammatory diseases. It highlights how modernization and Westernization have led to significant changes in lifestyle, including reduced contact with nature, altered microbiota, increased consumption of processed foods, and exposure to environmental pollutants. These factors contribute to the rise in inflammatory disorders, including allergies and autoimmune diseases. The "Epithelial Barrier Theory" is introduced as a framework that integrates previous hypotheses such as the "Hygiene Hypothesis," "Biodiversity Hypothesis," and "Old Friends" hypothesis. It suggests that toxic substances in cleaning agents, detergents, shampoos, and microplastics damage the epithelial barriers of the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal system. This damage leads to reduced microbiome biodiversity, opportunistic pathogen colonization, and subsequent inflammation. The article also discusses the impact of global warming and climate change on allergic diseases, noting that changes in pollen seasons and increased allergen exposure contribute to the rise in allergic disorders. Additionally, urbanization and industrialization have led to increased exposure to pollutants, which further damage epithelial barriers and contribute to chronic inflammation. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between the environment, microbiome, and immune system to develop strategies for reducing environmental challenges and promoting a healthy global environment. It calls for further research to better understand the link between environmental changes, Westernization, and the pathogenesis of allergic and inflammatory diseases. The article also highlights the role of the exposome in influencing health and disease, and the need for a comprehensive approach to address the growing burden of allergic and inflammatory diseases.The article discusses the relationship between lifestyle changes, industrialization, and the increasing prevalence of allergic and inflammatory diseases. It highlights how modernization and Westernization have led to significant changes in lifestyle, including reduced contact with nature, altered microbiota, increased consumption of processed foods, and exposure to environmental pollutants. These factors contribute to the rise in inflammatory disorders, including allergies and autoimmune diseases. The "Epithelial Barrier Theory" is introduced as a framework that integrates previous hypotheses such as the "Hygiene Hypothesis," "Biodiversity Hypothesis," and "Old Friends" hypothesis. It suggests that toxic substances in cleaning agents, detergents, shampoos, and microplastics damage the epithelial barriers of the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal system. This damage leads to reduced microbiome biodiversity, opportunistic pathogen colonization, and subsequent inflammation. The article also discusses the impact of global warming and climate change on allergic diseases, noting that changes in pollen seasons and increased allergen exposure contribute to the rise in allergic disorders. Additionally, urbanization and industrialization have led to increased exposure to pollutants, which further damage epithelial barriers and contribute to chronic inflammation. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between the environment, microbiome, and immune system to develop strategies for reducing environmental challenges and promoting a healthy global environment. It calls for further research to better understand the link between environmental changes, Westernization, and the pathogenesis of allergic and inflammatory diseases. The article also highlights the role of the exposome in influencing health and disease, and the need for a comprehensive approach to address the growing burden of allergic and inflammatory diseases.