This narrative review explores the impact of lifestyle factors, primarily diet and physical activity, on cancer prevention, prognosis, and survivorship. The review discusses the oncogenic mechanisms behind these lifestyle factors, including obesity, and their effects on cancer incidence based on primary data. It highlights the role of physical activity in reducing cancer incidence through systematic reviews and synthesizes data on lifestyle factors in the survivorship setting. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for future research to identify synergistic effects of multiple lifestyle modifications on oncogenesis and clinical outcomes, particularly in subtypes beyond colorectal and breast cancers. Key findings include the significant reduction in cancer incidence and all-cause mortality through diet and physical activity modifications, and the importance of holistic approaches to address the potential synergistic impact of multiple lifestyle factors.This narrative review explores the impact of lifestyle factors, primarily diet and physical activity, on cancer prevention, prognosis, and survivorship. The review discusses the oncogenic mechanisms behind these lifestyle factors, including obesity, and their effects on cancer incidence based on primary data. It highlights the role of physical activity in reducing cancer incidence through systematic reviews and synthesizes data on lifestyle factors in the survivorship setting. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for future research to identify synergistic effects of multiple lifestyle modifications on oncogenesis and clinical outcomes, particularly in subtypes beyond colorectal and breast cancers. Key findings include the significant reduction in cancer incidence and all-cause mortality through diet and physical activity modifications, and the importance of holistic approaches to address the potential synergistic impact of multiple lifestyle factors.