Liposomes are spherical vesicles composed of one or more phospholipid bilayers, first described in the mid-1960s. They are widely used in various scientific fields for drug delivery, as they can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enhance drug stability, and improve targeted delivery. Liposomes have evolved from conventional vesicles to advanced systems like 'second-generation liposomes' with long-circulating properties, achieved through lipid composition, size, and charge modulation. Surface modifications with molecules like glycolipids or sialic acid further enhance their functionality. This review summarizes scalable techniques for liposome preparation and discusses their strengths and limitations in industrial applications and regulatory requirements based on FDA and EMEA guidelines. Liposomes are classified into multilamellar (MLV) and unilamellar (LUV/SUV) vesicles, with SUVs being more commonly used for drug delivery. Preparation methods include sonication, French pressure cell extrusion, freeze-thawing, solvent dispersion, and reverse-phase evaporation, each with distinct advantages and drawbacks. Stealth liposomes, coated with PEG or chitin derivatives, improve circulation time and reduce uptake by macrophages, making them effective for targeted drug delivery. Liposomes have been used in various applications, including anticancer therapy, where they reduce toxicity and enhance drug efficacy. They are also used in parasitic diseases, antiviral and antibacterial therapies, and as carriers for antisense oligonucleotides and recombinant proteins. Liposomes offer advantages such as reduced toxicity, improved pharmacokinetics, and passive targeting to tumor tissues. However, challenges remain in achieving high encapsulation efficiency and maintaining stability during storage and delivery. Recent advancements include the use of liposomes for all-trans-retinoic acid and daunorubicin, which have been approved for clinical use. Despite these successes, further research is needed to optimize liposome-based drug delivery systems for broader therapeutic applications.Liposomes are spherical vesicles composed of one or more phospholipid bilayers, first described in the mid-1960s. They are widely used in various scientific fields for drug delivery, as they can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, enhance drug stability, and improve targeted delivery. Liposomes have evolved from conventional vesicles to advanced systems like 'second-generation liposomes' with long-circulating properties, achieved through lipid composition, size, and charge modulation. Surface modifications with molecules like glycolipids or sialic acid further enhance their functionality. This review summarizes scalable techniques for liposome preparation and discusses their strengths and limitations in industrial applications and regulatory requirements based on FDA and EMEA guidelines. Liposomes are classified into multilamellar (MLV) and unilamellar (LUV/SUV) vesicles, with SUVs being more commonly used for drug delivery. Preparation methods include sonication, French pressure cell extrusion, freeze-thawing, solvent dispersion, and reverse-phase evaporation, each with distinct advantages and drawbacks. Stealth liposomes, coated with PEG or chitin derivatives, improve circulation time and reduce uptake by macrophages, making them effective for targeted drug delivery. Liposomes have been used in various applications, including anticancer therapy, where they reduce toxicity and enhance drug efficacy. They are also used in parasitic diseases, antiviral and antibacterial therapies, and as carriers for antisense oligonucleotides and recombinant proteins. Liposomes offer advantages such as reduced toxicity, improved pharmacokinetics, and passive targeting to tumor tissues. However, challenges remain in achieving high encapsulation efficiency and maintaining stability during storage and delivery. Recent advancements include the use of liposomes for all-trans-retinoic acid and daunorubicin, which have been approved for clinical use. Despite these successes, further research is needed to optimize liposome-based drug delivery systems for broader therapeutic applications.