The literature review by Ercan Oztemel and Samet Gursev examines the concept of Industry 4.0, a term that has gained significant attention in both academic and industrial circles. While the idea is not new, the term "Industry 4.0" has recently been widely accepted. The review highlights the importance of understanding and defining the concept, developing related systems, business models, and methodologies. Academia focuses on theoretical and practical aspects, while industry emphasizes the transformation of manufacturing processes and products. The paper reviews several approaches and road maps for achieving successful transformation, noting the lack of assessment methodologies for evaluating Industry 4.0 components. It emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to assess and evaluate these components, as well as the development of technological infrastructure, management models, and business models. The review also discusses the potential social impacts of Industry 4.0, including increased use of robots, wearable technology, 3D printing, and smart cities. The authors aim to provide a comprehensive library of Industry 4.0 for both academics and practitioners, offering a clear roadmap for digitizing manufacturing processes.The literature review by Ercan Oztemel and Samet Gursev examines the concept of Industry 4.0, a term that has gained significant attention in both academic and industrial circles. While the idea is not new, the term "Industry 4.0" has recently been widely accepted. The review highlights the importance of understanding and defining the concept, developing related systems, business models, and methodologies. Academia focuses on theoretical and practical aspects, while industry emphasizes the transformation of manufacturing processes and products. The paper reviews several approaches and road maps for achieving successful transformation, noting the lack of assessment methodologies for evaluating Industry 4.0 components. It emphasizes the need for a systematic approach to assess and evaluate these components, as well as the development of technological infrastructure, management models, and business models. The review also discusses the potential social impacts of Industry 4.0, including increased use of robots, wearable technology, 3D printing, and smart cities. The authors aim to provide a comprehensive library of Industry 4.0 for both academics and practitioners, offering a clear roadmap for digitizing manufacturing processes.