This article discusses the supply chain considerations for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), focusing on potential bottlenecks in critical metals. The study analyzes the metal content of compounds used in LIBs and finds that most key constituents, including manganese, nickel, and natural graphite, have sufficient supply to meet anticipated demand. However, challenges may arise in scaling the use of lithium and cobalt in the short term. Recycling is unlikely to provide significant short-term supply due to the long battery lifetimes and multiple end uses. Geopolitical concentrations of these elements, particularly for cobalt, pose risks. The study highlights the importance of understanding resource availability for future LIB demand, especially as the transportation sector grows. The article explores the supply of elements in LIBs, emphasizing metals in cathode materials. It discusses the variation in metal content across different cathode chemistries and outlines supply chains for each element. The study finds that while most materials are likely to meet demand in the near future, cobalt supply may be a concern due to its geopolitical concentration. If electric vehicles (EVs) are adopted rapidly, demand could outpace supply for some battery-grade materials, even lithium in the very near term. The implications of this perspective span multiple scales, including research into cathode materials and policy considerations. The article also addresses the supply of lithium and cobalt, noting that lithium availability is a controversial topic with varying projections. Lithium is primarily sourced from brine and pegmatite deposits, with significant reserves and production potential. Cobalt is mainly a by-product of nickel and copper mining, with supply risks tied to its geopolitical concentration. The study highlights the importance of understanding these supply chains to ensure the availability of materials for future LIB demand. The article discusses the potential for recycling to mitigate supply issues, but notes that recycling will not provide significant supply in the near future due to the short lifespan of LIBs. It also explores new technologies that may reduce reliance on cobalt, such as alternative cathode materials and silicon-based anodes. However, these technologies are not expected to significantly impact projections for 2025. Overall, the study concludes that while the supply of materials for LIBs is likely to meet demand in the near future, there are potential risks associated with the supply of cobalt. The study emphasizes the need for continued research and policy considerations to address these supply chain challenges.This article discusses the supply chain considerations for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), focusing on potential bottlenecks in critical metals. The study analyzes the metal content of compounds used in LIBs and finds that most key constituents, including manganese, nickel, and natural graphite, have sufficient supply to meet anticipated demand. However, challenges may arise in scaling the use of lithium and cobalt in the short term. Recycling is unlikely to provide significant short-term supply due to the long battery lifetimes and multiple end uses. Geopolitical concentrations of these elements, particularly for cobalt, pose risks. The study highlights the importance of understanding resource availability for future LIB demand, especially as the transportation sector grows. The article explores the supply of elements in LIBs, emphasizing metals in cathode materials. It discusses the variation in metal content across different cathode chemistries and outlines supply chains for each element. The study finds that while most materials are likely to meet demand in the near future, cobalt supply may be a concern due to its geopolitical concentration. If electric vehicles (EVs) are adopted rapidly, demand could outpace supply for some battery-grade materials, even lithium in the very near term. The implications of this perspective span multiple scales, including research into cathode materials and policy considerations. The article also addresses the supply of lithium and cobalt, noting that lithium availability is a controversial topic with varying projections. Lithium is primarily sourced from brine and pegmatite deposits, with significant reserves and production potential. Cobalt is mainly a by-product of nickel and copper mining, with supply risks tied to its geopolitical concentration. The study highlights the importance of understanding these supply chains to ensure the availability of materials for future LIB demand. The article discusses the potential for recycling to mitigate supply issues, but notes that recycling will not provide significant supply in the near future due to the short lifespan of LIBs. It also explores new technologies that may reduce reliance on cobalt, such as alternative cathode materials and silicon-based anodes. However, these technologies are not expected to significantly impact projections for 2025. Overall, the study concludes that while the supply of materials for LIBs is likely to meet demand in the near future, there are potential risks associated with the supply of cobalt. The study emphasizes the need for continued research and policy considerations to address these supply chain challenges.