Long-lived quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes at physiological temperature

Long-lived quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes at physiological temperature

| Gitt Panitchayangkoon, Dugan Hayes, Kelly A. Fransted, Justin R. Caram, Elad Harel, Jianzhong Wen, Robert E. Blankenship & Gregory S. Engel
Long-lived quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes at physiological temperature Quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes has been observed to persist at physiological temperatures, challenging previous assumptions that such coherence is only present at cryogenic temperatures. This study demonstrates that quantum coherence survives in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) pigment-protein complex at physiological temperature for at least 300 fs, long enough to perform a rudimentary quantum computational operation. This finding supports the idea that the wave-like energy transfer mechanism discovered at 77 K is directly relevant to biological function. The FMO complex, which captures and transfers solar energy in photosynthesis, exhibits quantum coherence due to correlated motions within the protein matrix. This coherence allows for efficient energy transfer despite thermal fluctuations. The persistence of quantum coherence in a dynamic, disordered system suggests a new biomimetic strategy for designing quantum computational devices that can operate at high temperatures. The study used two-dimensional Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy to directly observe electronic couplings and quantum coherences as a function of time. The results show that quantum beating, a signature of quantum coherence, is observed at physiological temperatures, with the beating signals demonstrating excellent agreement in both phase and frequency across all temperatures. The dephasing rate shows strong temperature dependence, with coherence extending only to about 300 fs at 277 K, approximately four times faster than at 77 K. The findings suggest that the wavelike transfer mechanism in photosynthesis results in oscillatory population dynamics, allowing particular sites to have momentary populations higher than their respective equilibrium populations. This process can greatly increase the quantum yield of a system relative to the classical limit. The long-lived quantum coherence in this complex also provides a model for non-unitary quantum algorithms at room temperature, which while not scalable may provide improvements beyond the classical limit for some operations.Long-lived quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes at physiological temperature Quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes has been observed to persist at physiological temperatures, challenging previous assumptions that such coherence is only present at cryogenic temperatures. This study demonstrates that quantum coherence survives in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) pigment-protein complex at physiological temperature for at least 300 fs, long enough to perform a rudimentary quantum computational operation. This finding supports the idea that the wave-like energy transfer mechanism discovered at 77 K is directly relevant to biological function. The FMO complex, which captures and transfers solar energy in photosynthesis, exhibits quantum coherence due to correlated motions within the protein matrix. This coherence allows for efficient energy transfer despite thermal fluctuations. The persistence of quantum coherence in a dynamic, disordered system suggests a new biomimetic strategy for designing quantum computational devices that can operate at high temperatures. The study used two-dimensional Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy to directly observe electronic couplings and quantum coherences as a function of time. The results show that quantum beating, a signature of quantum coherence, is observed at physiological temperatures, with the beating signals demonstrating excellent agreement in both phase and frequency across all temperatures. The dephasing rate shows strong temperature dependence, with coherence extending only to about 300 fs at 277 K, approximately four times faster than at 77 K. The findings suggest that the wavelike transfer mechanism in photosynthesis results in oscillatory population dynamics, allowing particular sites to have momentary populations higher than their respective equilibrium populations. This process can greatly increase the quantum yield of a system relative to the classical limit. The long-lived quantum coherence in this complex also provides a model for non-unitary quantum algorithms at room temperature, which while not scalable may provide improvements beyond the classical limit for some operations.
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