This study investigates the long-term effects of ozone exposure on mortality, specifically focusing on cardiopulmonary and respiratory causes. Data from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II were analyzed, covering 448,850 subjects over an 18-year period. Ozone concentrations were measured from April to September for the years 1977 through 2000, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations were measured in 1999 and 2000. The results show that increased ozone concentrations were significantly associated with an increased risk of death from respiratory causes, with a 10 ppb increase in ozone concentration leading to a 4% increase in the risk of respiratory-related death. However, ozone was not significantly associated with the risk of death from cardiovascular causes when adjusted for PM2.5 concentrations. The study concludes that while ozone exposure has a significant impact on respiratory health, it does not appear to have a substantial effect on cardiovascular mortality.This study investigates the long-term effects of ozone exposure on mortality, specifically focusing on cardiopulmonary and respiratory causes. Data from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II were analyzed, covering 448,850 subjects over an 18-year period. Ozone concentrations were measured from April to September for the years 1977 through 2000, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations were measured in 1999 and 2000. The results show that increased ozone concentrations were significantly associated with an increased risk of death from respiratory causes, with a 10 ppb increase in ozone concentration leading to a 4% increase in the risk of respiratory-related death. However, ozone was not significantly associated with the risk of death from cardiovascular causes when adjusted for PM2.5 concentrations. The study concludes that while ozone exposure has a significant impact on respiratory health, it does not appear to have a substantial effect on cardiovascular mortality.