The article discusses the role of low-frequency neuronal oscillations in sensory selection and attention. Neuroelectric oscillations, which reflect rhythmic shifts in neuronal excitability, play a crucial role in amplifying sensory inputs when they entrain to rhythmic input streams. When no such rhythm is present, attention operates in a continuous mode, characterized by increased gamma synchrony. The authors review evidence for early sensory selection through phase-amplitude modulations of oscillations, their mechanisms, and perceptual and behavioral consequences. They highlight the importance of delta-band oscillations in this process, which can be modulated by attention to enhance or suppress responses. The article also explores how the brain biases between a 'rhythmic' and 'continuous' mode of operation based on task demands, with rhythmic mode enhancing relevant inputs and suppressing irrelevant ones. The authors propose that low-frequency oscillations are essential for efficient sensory processing and that attentional modulation of these oscillations is key to understanding attentional effects in various cognitive tasks.The article discusses the role of low-frequency neuronal oscillations in sensory selection and attention. Neuroelectric oscillations, which reflect rhythmic shifts in neuronal excitability, play a crucial role in amplifying sensory inputs when they entrain to rhythmic input streams. When no such rhythm is present, attention operates in a continuous mode, characterized by increased gamma synchrony. The authors review evidence for early sensory selection through phase-amplitude modulations of oscillations, their mechanisms, and perceptual and behavioral consequences. They highlight the importance of delta-band oscillations in this process, which can be modulated by attention to enhance or suppress responses. The article also explores how the brain biases between a 'rhythmic' and 'continuous' mode of operation based on task demands, with rhythmic mode enhancing relevant inputs and suppressing irrelevant ones. The authors propose that low-frequency oscillations are essential for efficient sensory processing and that attentional modulation of these oscillations is key to understanding attentional effects in various cognitive tasks.