Lysozyme, particularly from hen's egg white, exhibits multiple antiviral properties and has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications. Despite limited clinical trials, scientific research highlights its antiviral effects, including blocking viral infections and inhibiting replication. Lysozyme interacts with nucleic acids, altering their function, and this effect is independent of its catalytic activity. It is effective in both intact and heat-denatured forms, and as a nonapeptide fragment. Lysozyme is used as a disinfectant for food and as a drug for viral infections in animals and humans. It can modulate gene expression and influence viral replication, as shown in studies on HIV and other viruses. Heat-denatured lysozyme has been shown to inactivate noroviruses and other viruses, including hepatitis A and influenza. It also demonstrates antiviral activity against foot-and-mouth disease and bovine viral diarrhea. Research indicates that lysozyme can inhibit viral entry and replication by interacting with viral proteins and glycoproteins. Its antiviral activity is attributed to its positive charge and structural features, which allow it to disrupt viral processes. Lysozyme is also effective against SARS-CoV-2 and may play a role in mitigating COVID-19 symptoms. Further studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and confirm its therapeutic potential.Lysozyme, particularly from hen's egg white, exhibits multiple antiviral properties and has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications. Despite limited clinical trials, scientific research highlights its antiviral effects, including blocking viral infections and inhibiting replication. Lysozyme interacts with nucleic acids, altering their function, and this effect is independent of its catalytic activity. It is effective in both intact and heat-denatured forms, and as a nonapeptide fragment. Lysozyme is used as a disinfectant for food and as a drug for viral infections in animals and humans. It can modulate gene expression and influence viral replication, as shown in studies on HIV and other viruses. Heat-denatured lysozyme has been shown to inactivate noroviruses and other viruses, including hepatitis A and influenza. It also demonstrates antiviral activity against foot-and-mouth disease and bovine viral diarrhea. Research indicates that lysozyme can inhibit viral entry and replication by interacting with viral proteins and glycoproteins. Its antiviral activity is attributed to its positive charge and structural features, which allow it to disrupt viral processes. Lysozyme is also effective against SARS-CoV-2 and may play a role in mitigating COVID-19 symptoms. Further studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and confirm its therapeutic potential.