Macrophages promote beige adipogenesis independently of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by suppressing adipocyte Ets1. This study shows that M2 macrophages, which are anti-inflammatory, inhibit Ets1 expression in adipocytes, thereby increasing mitochondrial numbers and promoting beige adipogenesis. Ets1 is a key mediator in this process, as its suppression by M2 macrophages enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and reduces mitochondrial clearance. Adipocyte-specific Ets1 knock-in mice show cold intolerance, while Ets1 knock-out mice exhibit enhanced energy expenditure and resistance to metabolic disorders. Ets1 binds to the promoter regions of autophagy-related and mitochondrial genes, suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis and activating autophagy. M2 macrophages block Ets1, increasing mitochondrial content and promoting beige adipogenesis. These findings highlight the direct communication between M2 macrophages and adipocytes, and the role of Ets1 in regulating mitochondrial content and beige adipogenesis. The study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying beige adipogenesis and its regulation by macrophages.Macrophages promote beige adipogenesis independently of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by suppressing adipocyte Ets1. This study shows that M2 macrophages, which are anti-inflammatory, inhibit Ets1 expression in adipocytes, thereby increasing mitochondrial numbers and promoting beige adipogenesis. Ets1 is a key mediator in this process, as its suppression by M2 macrophages enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and reduces mitochondrial clearance. Adipocyte-specific Ets1 knock-in mice show cold intolerance, while Ets1 knock-out mice exhibit enhanced energy expenditure and resistance to metabolic disorders. Ets1 binds to the promoter regions of autophagy-related and mitochondrial genes, suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis and activating autophagy. M2 macrophages block Ets1, increasing mitochondrial content and promoting beige adipogenesis. These findings highlight the direct communication between M2 macrophages and adipocytes, and the role of Ets1 in regulating mitochondrial content and beige adipogenesis. The study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying beige adipogenesis and its regulation by macrophages.