MYB-related transcription factors regulate chloroplast biogenesis in liverworts and angiosperms. Analysis of *Marchantia polymorpha* and *Arabidopsis thaliana* identified these factors as key regulators of chloroplast development. Mutants in MYB-related genes exhibit pale coloration and small chloroplasts. These factors target genes involved in carbon fixation, light harvesting, and photosystem assembly. While GLK proteins also regulate chloroplast biogenesis, MYB-related and GLK factors have overlapping and distinct targets. In *A. thaliana*, the regulatory interaction between MYB-related and GLK factors is more extensive than in *M. polymorpha*. MYB-related factors control genes for carbon fixation, photorespiration, and photosystem function, while GLK factors regulate chlorophyll biosynthesis. The study shows that MYB-related and GLK transcription factors work together to control chloroplast biogenesis in land plants. The findings suggest that these factors are conserved across species and play a critical role in photosynthesis and chloroplast development. The research highlights the importance of understanding gene regulatory networks for improving photosynthetic efficiency in crops.MYB-related transcription factors regulate chloroplast biogenesis in liverworts and angiosperms. Analysis of *Marchantia polymorpha* and *Arabidopsis thaliana* identified these factors as key regulators of chloroplast development. Mutants in MYB-related genes exhibit pale coloration and small chloroplasts. These factors target genes involved in carbon fixation, light harvesting, and photosystem assembly. While GLK proteins also regulate chloroplast biogenesis, MYB-related and GLK factors have overlapping and distinct targets. In *A. thaliana*, the regulatory interaction between MYB-related and GLK factors is more extensive than in *M. polymorpha*. MYB-related factors control genes for carbon fixation, photorespiration, and photosystem function, while GLK factors regulate chlorophyll biosynthesis. The study shows that MYB-related and GLK transcription factors work together to control chloroplast biogenesis in land plants. The findings suggest that these factors are conserved across species and play a critical role in photosynthesis and chloroplast development. The research highlights the importance of understanding gene regulatory networks for improving photosynthetic efficiency in crops.