This review paper explores the transformative role of machine learning (ML) in optimizing social media marketing strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It highlights the significance of social media marketing for SMEs, outlining historical context, current trends, and emerging ML applications. The paper discusses technical challenges such as data quality, algorithm complexity, and system integration, as well as ethical concerns like data privacy and algorithmic bias. It also addresses SME-specific limitations, including budget constraints and lack of technical expertise. Future directions focus on emerging technologies like deep learning and reinforcement learning, offering practical recommendations for SMEs to leverage these advancements effectively. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of embracing ML to achieve sustainable growth and competitive advantage in the digital marketplace.This review paper explores the transformative role of machine learning (ML) in optimizing social media marketing strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It highlights the significance of social media marketing for SMEs, outlining historical context, current trends, and emerging ML applications. The paper discusses technical challenges such as data quality, algorithm complexity, and system integration, as well as ethical concerns like data privacy and algorithmic bias. It also addresses SME-specific limitations, including budget constraints and lack of technical expertise. Future directions focus on emerging technologies like deep learning and reinforcement learning, offering practical recommendations for SMEs to leverage these advancements effectively. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of embracing ML to achieve sustainable growth and competitive advantage in the digital marketplace.