MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN UNIFIED GAUGE THEORIES

MAGNETIC MONOPOLES IN UNIFIED GAUGE THEORIES

Received 31 May 1974 | G. 't HOOFT
G. 't Hooft presents a theoretical framework in which magnetic monopoles can be created as regular solutions to the field equations in gauge theories where the electromagnetic group U(1) is a subgroup of a larger, compact covering group such as SU(2) or SU(3). These monopoles have calculable masses, approximately 137 times the mass of the W boson. The introduction discusses the behavior of quantized magnetic flux lines in superconductors and how this behavior can be extended to non-Abelian gauge theories. The author then outlines a model based on the Georgi-Glashow model, where the Higgs field is not rotated towards the positive z-direction, leading to the formation of a magnetic monopole at the origin. The mass of the monopole is derived and found to be proportional to the mass of the W boson, with a coefficient that varies depending on the compactification parameter. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for the understanding of magnetic monopoles and their potential experimental detection.G. 't Hooft presents a theoretical framework in which magnetic monopoles can be created as regular solutions to the field equations in gauge theories where the electromagnetic group U(1) is a subgroup of a larger, compact covering group such as SU(2) or SU(3). These monopoles have calculable masses, approximately 137 times the mass of the W boson. The introduction discusses the behavior of quantized magnetic flux lines in superconductors and how this behavior can be extended to non-Abelian gauge theories. The author then outlines a model based on the Georgi-Glashow model, where the Higgs field is not rotated towards the positive z-direction, leading to the formation of a magnetic monopole at the origin. The mass of the monopole is derived and found to be proportional to the mass of the W boson, with a coefficient that varies depending on the compactification parameter. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for the understanding of magnetic monopoles and their potential experimental detection.
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