The study presents evidence of extreme hydroclimatic events in the central Russian Plain during the Holocene, as indicated by the formation of four new permanent gullies in the Satino area. Three of these gullies appeared during the Late Atlantic – Early Subboreal periods (5.2–5.5 and 5.9–6.2 ka BP), while the fourth gully, dated between 4.3–4.6 ka BP, provides direct dating of the fan base. Two of the gullies showed a second phase of activity between 3.0–3.7 ka BP. These events are linked to extreme runoff and high precipitation, which left distinct geomorphic and sedimentological features such as meander arcs, coarse-grained alluvium, and buried floodplain soils. The study suggests a highly irregular climatic pattern in the area between 3.0–6.2 ka BP, with several phases of extreme downpours that had no analogs throughout the Holocene. The study area, located in the Borovsk District of the Kaluga Region, is characterized by a temperate continental climate and mixed broadleaf/conifer forests. The study area has a history of human impact, with settlements appearing in the Early Middle Ages. The development of gullies is attributed to extreme hydroclimatic events, with no significant human influence in the study area. The study also compares the Mid-Holocene gully development with ancient gullying in Central Europe, highlighting the role of extreme weather events and forest fires in erosion. The study concludes that the Mid-Holocene was characterized by extreme precipitation events, clustered into several short epochs, with magnitudes probably within the highest ranks in the Holocene. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.The study presents evidence of extreme hydroclimatic events in the central Russian Plain during the Holocene, as indicated by the formation of four new permanent gullies in the Satino area. Three of these gullies appeared during the Late Atlantic – Early Subboreal periods (5.2–5.5 and 5.9–6.2 ka BP), while the fourth gully, dated between 4.3–4.6 ka BP, provides direct dating of the fan base. Two of the gullies showed a second phase of activity between 3.0–3.7 ka BP. These events are linked to extreme runoff and high precipitation, which left distinct geomorphic and sedimentological features such as meander arcs, coarse-grained alluvium, and buried floodplain soils. The study suggests a highly irregular climatic pattern in the area between 3.0–6.2 ka BP, with several phases of extreme downpours that had no analogs throughout the Holocene. The study area, located in the Borovsk District of the Kaluga Region, is characterized by a temperate continental climate and mixed broadleaf/conifer forests. The study area has a history of human impact, with settlements appearing in the Early Middle Ages. The development of gullies is attributed to extreme hydroclimatic events, with no significant human influence in the study area. The study also compares the Mid-Holocene gully development with ancient gullying in Central Europe, highlighting the role of extreme weather events and forest fires in erosion. The study concludes that the Mid-Holocene was characterized by extreme precipitation events, clustered into several short epochs, with magnitudes probably within the highest ranks in the Holocene. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research.