Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health burden, affecting approximately 800 million people worldwide. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent complications. Treatment options include dietary modifications and medications to slow disease progression. This narrative review summarizes current therapeutic options for CKD, highlighting the importance of combining new drug therapies with established cost-effective methods. Key therapeutic interventions include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which reduce cardiovascular events and delay end-stage kidney disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided due to their adverse effects on kidney function. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are emerging as effective treatments, particularly in patients with diabetes. Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade (MRA) and sodium bicarbonate therapy are also recommended for managing metabolic acidosis. Pentoxifylline and erythropoietin treatments are useful for anemia management. Metabolic bone disease in CKD requires a comprehensive approach, including vitamin D supplementation and calcimimetic drugs. Prevention of CKD development remains the most critical step in disease management.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health burden, affecting approximately 800 million people worldwide. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent complications. Treatment options include dietary modifications and medications to slow disease progression. This narrative review summarizes current therapeutic options for CKD, highlighting the importance of combining new drug therapies with established cost-effective methods. Key therapeutic interventions include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which reduce cardiovascular events and delay end-stage kidney disease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided due to their adverse effects on kidney function. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are emerging as effective treatments, particularly in patients with diabetes. Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade (MRA) and sodium bicarbonate therapy are also recommended for managing metabolic acidosis. Pentoxifylline and erythropoietin treatments are useful for anemia management. Metabolic bone disease in CKD requires a comprehensive approach, including vitamin D supplementation and calcimimetic drugs. Prevention of CKD development remains the most critical step in disease management.