Chronic pancreatitis is a debilitating condition characterized by repeated episodes of pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis, leading to exocrine and endocrine pancreatic dysfunction. The disease is marked by abdominal pain, reduced quality of life, malabsorption, diabetes, and an increased risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This review summarizes the latest advancements in the diagnosis and management of chronic pancreatitis, including the role of genetic disorders and surgical options for patients unresponsive to medical therapy. Recent clinical trials are also underway to develop new medical therapeutics. The prevalence of chronic pancreatitis is approximately 50 per 100,000 people, with alcohol misuse being the most common cause. Smoking and genetic factors, such as mutations in the PRSS1, SPINK1, and CTRC genes, contribute to the development of the disease. The pathogenesis involves a fibro-inflammatory response, with pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and activated macrophages playing key roles. Imaging techniques, particularly CT and MRI, are crucial for diagnosis, while endoscopic ultrasonography can aid in early detection and minimal change cases. Exocrine and endocrine insufficiency are common complications, requiring treatment to prevent malnutrition and metabolic bone disease. Pain management includes abstinence from alcohol and smoking, non-opioid and opioid analgesics, and adjunctive medications. Endoscopic and surgical interventions, such as stenting and pancreatectomy, are used to relieve pain and improve quality of life. Emerging treatments, including agents that inhibit TGF-β and vitamin D analogs, show promise in animal models and clinical trials. The review emphasizes the need for further research to develop reliable diagnostic tests, prevent disease progression, and improve long-term nutritional and metabolic management. Despite ongoing efforts, a cure for chronic pancreatitis remains elusive, but advancements in understanding and treatment offer hope for better patient outcomes.Chronic pancreatitis is a debilitating condition characterized by repeated episodes of pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis, leading to exocrine and endocrine pancreatic dysfunction. The disease is marked by abdominal pain, reduced quality of life, malabsorption, diabetes, and an increased risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This review summarizes the latest advancements in the diagnosis and management of chronic pancreatitis, including the role of genetic disorders and surgical options for patients unresponsive to medical therapy. Recent clinical trials are also underway to develop new medical therapeutics. The prevalence of chronic pancreatitis is approximately 50 per 100,000 people, with alcohol misuse being the most common cause. Smoking and genetic factors, such as mutations in the PRSS1, SPINK1, and CTRC genes, contribute to the development of the disease. The pathogenesis involves a fibro-inflammatory response, with pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and activated macrophages playing key roles. Imaging techniques, particularly CT and MRI, are crucial for diagnosis, while endoscopic ultrasonography can aid in early detection and minimal change cases. Exocrine and endocrine insufficiency are common complications, requiring treatment to prevent malnutrition and metabolic bone disease. Pain management includes abstinence from alcohol and smoking, non-opioid and opioid analgesics, and adjunctive medications. Endoscopic and surgical interventions, such as stenting and pancreatectomy, are used to relieve pain and improve quality of life. Emerging treatments, including agents that inhibit TGF-β and vitamin D analogs, show promise in animal models and clinical trials. The review emphasizes the need for further research to develop reliable diagnostic tests, prevent disease progression, and improve long-term nutritional and metabolic management. Despite ongoing efforts, a cure for chronic pancreatitis remains elusive, but advancements in understanding and treatment offer hope for better patient outcomes.