Hagmann et al. (2008) mapped the structural core of the human cerebral cortex using diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) to noninvasively identify cortico-cortical axonal pathways. They analyzed large-scale structural brain networks and found a structural core in the posterior medial and parietal cortex, along with distinct temporal and frontal modules. Brain regions within the structural core showed high degree, strength, and betweenness centrality, acting as connector hubs linking major modules. The core includes parts of the human default network. Structural and functional connectivity showed strong correspondence, suggesting the core plays a key role in functional integration. The study identified key anatomical subregions as part of the structural core, including the posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, cuneus, paracentral lobule, and parietal cortex. The structural core is topologically central and highly connected, with significant interhemispheric coupling. The results support the hypothesis that the default network activity may be driven by highly connected regions in the posterior medial and parietal cortex. The study also validated the diffusion imaging and tractography methodology, showing consistency across participants and scans. The findings highlight the structural core's role in shaping large-scale brain dynamics and its anatomical correspondence with regions of high metabolic activity and the default network. The study provides evidence for the existence of a structural core in the human cerebral cortex, which is both spatially and topologically central. The availability of single-participant structural and functional connection maps allows for investigation of interparticipant connectional variability and its relation to individual functional connectivity and behavior. The study used diffusion imaging and tractography to map structural connections, showing significant overlap with anatomical reports and supporting the validity of DSI connectivity patterns. The results suggest that diffusion imaging can yield accurate connection maps, though it may be affected by scanning noise and fiber reconstruction errors. Future improvements in diffusion imaging and computational network analysis will reveal more features of the human brain's connectional anatomy. The study emphasizes the importance of including subcortical regions in future network analyses and highlights the potential of functional connectivity patterns in understanding brain dynamics.Hagmann et al. (2008) mapped the structural core of the human cerebral cortex using diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) to noninvasively identify cortico-cortical axonal pathways. They analyzed large-scale structural brain networks and found a structural core in the posterior medial and parietal cortex, along with distinct temporal and frontal modules. Brain regions within the structural core showed high degree, strength, and betweenness centrality, acting as connector hubs linking major modules. The core includes parts of the human default network. Structural and functional connectivity showed strong correspondence, suggesting the core plays a key role in functional integration. The study identified key anatomical subregions as part of the structural core, including the posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, cuneus, paracentral lobule, and parietal cortex. The structural core is topologically central and highly connected, with significant interhemispheric coupling. The results support the hypothesis that the default network activity may be driven by highly connected regions in the posterior medial and parietal cortex. The study also validated the diffusion imaging and tractography methodology, showing consistency across participants and scans. The findings highlight the structural core's role in shaping large-scale brain dynamics and its anatomical correspondence with regions of high metabolic activity and the default network. The study provides evidence for the existence of a structural core in the human cerebral cortex, which is both spatially and topologically central. The availability of single-participant structural and functional connection maps allows for investigation of interparticipant connectional variability and its relation to individual functional connectivity and behavior. The study used diffusion imaging and tractography to map structural connections, showing significant overlap with anatomical reports and supporting the validity of DSI connectivity patterns. The results suggest that diffusion imaging can yield accurate connection maps, though it may be affected by scanning noise and fiber reconstruction errors. Future improvements in diffusion imaging and computational network analysis will reveal more features of the human brain's connectional anatomy. The study emphasizes the importance of including subcortical regions in future network analyses and highlights the potential of functional connectivity patterns in understanding brain dynamics.