Maxout Networks

Maxout Networks

20 Sep 2013 | Ian J. Goodfellow, David Warde-Farley, Mehdi Mirza, Aaron Courville, Yoshua Bengio
This paper introduces the maxout network, a new type of neural network that works well with dropout, a technique used to train deep neural networks. The maxout network is designed to improve the performance of dropout, which is used to approximate model averaging in deep architectures. The paper shows that the maxout network achieves state-of-the-art results on four benchmark datasets: MNIST, CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and SVHN. The maxout network uses a new type of activation function called the maxout unit. This unit takes the maximum of several inputs and is particularly effective when used with dropout. The paper demonstrates that the maxout network is a universal approximator, meaning it can approximate any continuous function given enough hidden units. It also shows that the maxout network improves the optimization process during dropout training, allowing for deeper networks to be trained more effectively. The paper compares the performance of maxout networks with rectifier units (such as the rectified linear unit) and finds that maxout networks perform better in terms of both model averaging and optimization. The maxout network is also more robust to saturation issues that can occur with rectifier units. The paper provides empirical evidence that dropout training with maxout units achieves a good approximation to model averaging in deep networks. The paper also discusses the benefits of using maxout networks in the context of model averaging and optimization. It shows that the maxout network can propagate variations in the gradient due to different choices of dropout masks to the lowest layers of a network, ensuring that every parameter in the model can benefit from dropout. This helps the network more faithfully emulate bagging training. Overall, the paper presents a new activation function and a new type of neural network that works well with dropout, and shows that it achieves state-of-the-art results on several benchmark tasks. The paper also provides theoretical support for the effectiveness of the maxout network, showing that it is a universal approximator and that it improves the optimization process during dropout training.This paper introduces the maxout network, a new type of neural network that works well with dropout, a technique used to train deep neural networks. The maxout network is designed to improve the performance of dropout, which is used to approximate model averaging in deep architectures. The paper shows that the maxout network achieves state-of-the-art results on four benchmark datasets: MNIST, CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and SVHN. The maxout network uses a new type of activation function called the maxout unit. This unit takes the maximum of several inputs and is particularly effective when used with dropout. The paper demonstrates that the maxout network is a universal approximator, meaning it can approximate any continuous function given enough hidden units. It also shows that the maxout network improves the optimization process during dropout training, allowing for deeper networks to be trained more effectively. The paper compares the performance of maxout networks with rectifier units (such as the rectified linear unit) and finds that maxout networks perform better in terms of both model averaging and optimization. The maxout network is also more robust to saturation issues that can occur with rectifier units. The paper provides empirical evidence that dropout training with maxout units achieves a good approximation to model averaging in deep networks. The paper also discusses the benefits of using maxout networks in the context of model averaging and optimization. It shows that the maxout network can propagate variations in the gradient due to different choices of dropout masks to the lowest layers of a network, ensuring that every parameter in the model can benefit from dropout. This helps the network more faithfully emulate bagging training. Overall, the paper presents a new activation function and a new type of neural network that works well with dropout, and shows that it achieves state-of-the-art results on several benchmark tasks. The paper also provides theoretical support for the effectiveness of the maxout network, showing that it is a universal approximator and that it improves the optimization process during dropout training.
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[slides and audio] Maxout Networks