The article discusses the paradigm of measurement-based quantum computation (MQC), which processes quantum information through a series of adaptive measurements on qubits prepared in a highly entangled state. This approach is particularly promising due to its conceptual simplicity and potential for practical realization. The authors highlight recent developments in MQC, including its power, fault tolerance, and experimental realization. They also explore connections between MQC and other fields such as entanglement theory, graph theory, topology, and statistical physics. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding universality in MQC, where the computational power is entirely dependent on the entanglement structure of the resource state. Additionally, it discusses the role of classical simulation in MQC and the connection between MQC and classical statistical mechanics, particularly the Ising model. The article concludes by outlining future challenges and directions for research in MQC, including the need for scalable large-scale implementations and the development of fault-tolerant schemes.The article discusses the paradigm of measurement-based quantum computation (MQC), which processes quantum information through a series of adaptive measurements on qubits prepared in a highly entangled state. This approach is particularly promising due to its conceptual simplicity and potential for practical realization. The authors highlight recent developments in MQC, including its power, fault tolerance, and experimental realization. They also explore connections between MQC and other fields such as entanglement theory, graph theory, topology, and statistical physics. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding universality in MQC, where the computational power is entirely dependent on the entanglement structure of the resource state. Additionally, it discusses the role of classical simulation in MQC and the connection between MQC and classical statistical mechanics, particularly the Ising model. The article concludes by outlining future challenges and directions for research in MQC, including the need for scalable large-scale implementations and the development of fault-tolerant schemes.