This review discusses the mechanical properties of graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites, emphasizing their preparation methods, characterization techniques, and applications. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms, exhibits exceptional mechanical properties such as high stiffness, strength, and toughness, with a Young's modulus of around 1 TPa. These properties make it a promising material for various applications, including composites, electronics, and energy storage. However, the mechanical performance of graphene can be affected by factors such as the filler modulus, the matrix composition, and the presence of defects. The review highlights the use of Raman spectroscopy for characterizing the mechanical properties of graphene and its composites. It also discusses the preparation of graphene-based nanocomposites through various methods, including mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), liquid phase exfoliation, and electrochemical exfoliation. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanical properties of graphene and its composites for their successful application in various fields. The study also addresses the challenges in the large-scale production of high-quality graphene and the need for standardized methods to ensure consistent performance. The review concludes with a discussion on the potential applications and future perspectives of graphene-based nanocomposites.This review discusses the mechanical properties of graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites, emphasizing their preparation methods, characterization techniques, and applications. Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms, exhibits exceptional mechanical properties such as high stiffness, strength, and toughness, with a Young's modulus of around 1 TPa. These properties make it a promising material for various applications, including composites, electronics, and energy storage. However, the mechanical performance of graphene can be affected by factors such as the filler modulus, the matrix composition, and the presence of defects. The review highlights the use of Raman spectroscopy for characterizing the mechanical properties of graphene and its composites. It also discusses the preparation of graphene-based nanocomposites through various methods, including mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), liquid phase exfoliation, and electrochemical exfoliation. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the mechanical properties of graphene and its composites for their successful application in various fields. The study also addresses the challenges in the large-scale production of high-quality graphene and the need for standardized methods to ensure consistent performance. The review concludes with a discussion on the potential applications and future perspectives of graphene-based nanocomposites.