This review discusses the role of iron ion homeostasis in intestinal immunity and gut microbiota remodeling. Iron is essential for bacterial growth and human health, influencing gut microbiota composition and immune function. Iron homeostasis is regulated by proteins such as hepcidin and ferroportin, which control iron absorption, storage, and release. Iron deficiency or excess can disrupt gut microbiota balance, leading to health issues. Iron is involved in various biological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production, and immune responses. Iron homeostasis is crucial for maintaining intestinal barrier function and preventing diseases. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia and other health problems, while iron overload can cause oxidative stress and inflammation. Iron homeostasis also plays a role in cancer treatment through ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death. Gut microbiota composition is influenced by iron levels, with changes in iron homeostasis affecting microbial diversity and function. Probiotics and prebiotics can help maintain gut health by regulating microbiota and immune responses. Overall, maintaining iron homeostasis is essential for intestinal immunity and gut microbiota remodeling, contributing to overall health.This review discusses the role of iron ion homeostasis in intestinal immunity and gut microbiota remodeling. Iron is essential for bacterial growth and human health, influencing gut microbiota composition and immune function. Iron homeostasis is regulated by proteins such as hepcidin and ferroportin, which control iron absorption, storage, and release. Iron deficiency or excess can disrupt gut microbiota balance, leading to health issues. Iron is involved in various biological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production, and immune responses. Iron homeostasis is crucial for maintaining intestinal barrier function and preventing diseases. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia and other health problems, while iron overload can cause oxidative stress and inflammation. Iron homeostasis also plays a role in cancer treatment through ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death. Gut microbiota composition is influenced by iron levels, with changes in iron homeostasis affecting microbial diversity and function. Probiotics and prebiotics can help maintain gut health by regulating microbiota and immune responses. Overall, maintaining iron homeostasis is essential for intestinal immunity and gut microbiota remodeling, contributing to overall health.