LncRNA Gm2044 plays a critical role in germ cell development in both males and females. In male germ cells, it regulates spermatogenesis by interacting with mRNA and miRNAs. It interacts with UTF1 mRNA to regulate its translation and with miR-202 to modulate the expression of Rbfox2. In female germ cells, it regulates estradiol synthesis through the miR-138-5p-Nr5a1 pathway or by interacting with EEF2. LncRNA Gm2044 is also involved in the progression of reproductive system diseases such as male nonobstructive azoospermia and polycystic ovary syndrome. The study highlights the molecular mechanisms of LncRNA Gm2044 in germ cell development and its potential role in infertility disorders. The research provides new insights into the functions of lncRNAs in reproductive biology and offers potential therapeutic targets for infertility treatment.LncRNA Gm2044 plays a critical role in germ cell development in both males and females. In male germ cells, it regulates spermatogenesis by interacting with mRNA and miRNAs. It interacts with UTF1 mRNA to regulate its translation and with miR-202 to modulate the expression of Rbfox2. In female germ cells, it regulates estradiol synthesis through the miR-138-5p-Nr5a1 pathway or by interacting with EEF2. LncRNA Gm2044 is also involved in the progression of reproductive system diseases such as male nonobstructive azoospermia and polycystic ovary syndrome. The study highlights the molecular mechanisms of LncRNA Gm2044 in germ cell development and its potential role in infertility disorders. The research provides new insights into the functions of lncRNAs in reproductive biology and offers potential therapeutic targets for infertility treatment.