The study investigates the impact of long-term meditation practice on brain structure, specifically cortical thickness. Twenty experienced meditators and fifteen matched controls were examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that meditators had thicker cortices in regions associated with attention, interoception, and sensory processing, including the prefrontal cortex and right anterior insula. Notably, the differences in prefrontal cortical thickness were more pronounced in older participants, suggesting that meditation may mitigate age-related cortical thinning. Additionally, the thickness of two regions—right anterior insula and inferior occipitotemporal visual cortex—correlated with meditation experience. These findings provide the first structural evidence of experience-dependent cortical plasticity associated with meditation practice, indicating that regular meditation can lead to changes in brain structure that may enhance cognitive and emotional processing.The study investigates the impact of long-term meditation practice on brain structure, specifically cortical thickness. Twenty experienced meditators and fifteen matched controls were examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that meditators had thicker cortices in regions associated with attention, interoception, and sensory processing, including the prefrontal cortex and right anterior insula. Notably, the differences in prefrontal cortical thickness were more pronounced in older participants, suggesting that meditation may mitigate age-related cortical thinning. Additionally, the thickness of two regions—right anterior insula and inferior occipitotemporal visual cortex—correlated with meditation experience. These findings provide the first structural evidence of experience-dependent cortical plasticity associated with meditation practice, indicating that regular meditation can lead to changes in brain structure that may enhance cognitive and emotional processing.