Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke

Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke

25 March 1989 | Roger Shinton, Gareth Beavers
A meta-analysis of the relationship between cigarette smoking and stroke was conducted to assess the risk of stroke associated with smoking. The study analyzed 32 separate studies and found that cigarette smoking was associated with a relative risk of 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.4 to 1.6) for stroke. The risk varied by stroke subtype: cerebral infarction had a relative risk of 1.9, cerebral hemorrhage 0.7, and subarachnoid hemorrhage 2.9. The risk also varied by age, with younger individuals (under 55) having a higher risk (2.9) compared to older individuals (≥75, 1.1). A dose-response relationship was observed between the number of cigarettes smoked and the relative risk, with a slightly higher risk in women compared to men. Ex-smokers under 75 had an increased risk of stroke (1.5), while ex-smokers of all ages had a relative risk of 1.2. The study found that cigarette smoking was associated with an increased risk of stroke, and this risk was consistent across different subtypes of stroke. The risk was particularly high for subarachnoid hemorrhage, with a relative risk of 2.9. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in younger individuals, with a relative risk of 2.9 for those under 55. The study concluded that cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for stroke, and that stroke should be added to the list of diseases related to smoking. The study also found that the risk of stroke was not significantly affected by age, obesity, or blood pressure, and that the association between smoking and stroke was not due to publication bias. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in ex-smokers, with a relative risk of 1.5 for those under 75. The study concluded that cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for stroke, and that the risk is higher in younger individuals. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in women compared to men. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in ex-smokers, with a relative risk of 1.5 for those under 75. The study concluded that cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for stroke, and that stroke should be added to the list of diseases related to smoking.A meta-analysis of the relationship between cigarette smoking and stroke was conducted to assess the risk of stroke associated with smoking. The study analyzed 32 separate studies and found that cigarette smoking was associated with a relative risk of 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.4 to 1.6) for stroke. The risk varied by stroke subtype: cerebral infarction had a relative risk of 1.9, cerebral hemorrhage 0.7, and subarachnoid hemorrhage 2.9. The risk also varied by age, with younger individuals (under 55) having a higher risk (2.9) compared to older individuals (≥75, 1.1). A dose-response relationship was observed between the number of cigarettes smoked and the relative risk, with a slightly higher risk in women compared to men. Ex-smokers under 75 had an increased risk of stroke (1.5), while ex-smokers of all ages had a relative risk of 1.2. The study found that cigarette smoking was associated with an increased risk of stroke, and this risk was consistent across different subtypes of stroke. The risk was particularly high for subarachnoid hemorrhage, with a relative risk of 2.9. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in younger individuals, with a relative risk of 2.9 for those under 55. The study concluded that cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for stroke, and that stroke should be added to the list of diseases related to smoking. The study also found that the risk of stroke was not significantly affected by age, obesity, or blood pressure, and that the association between smoking and stroke was not due to publication bias. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in ex-smokers, with a relative risk of 1.5 for those under 75. The study concluded that cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for stroke, and that the risk is higher in younger individuals. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in women compared to men. The study also found that the risk of stroke was higher in ex-smokers, with a relative risk of 1.5 for those under 75. The study concluded that cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for stroke, and that stroke should be added to the list of diseases related to smoking.
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