Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder characterized by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite efforts by various international organizations to establish uniform criteria, there are multiple definitions of MetS, leading to confusion and inconsistencies in research findings. This review critically examines the existing definitions and emerging information, highlighting the need for standardized criteria to enable comparisons between studies and better identify at-risk patients. The increasing prevalence of MetS in children and adolescents, particularly in developing countries, underscores the importance of focusing on established risk factors rather than diagnosing MetS in this age group. The review also discusses the epidemiology of MetS, its clinical implications, and the pathogenesis of the syndrome, including the roles of obesity, insulin resistance, chronic stress, and other factors. The authors conclude that while the exact pathogenesis of MetS remains unclear, further research is needed to develop comprehensive and practical criteria for its diagnosis and management.Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder characterized by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite efforts by various international organizations to establish uniform criteria, there are multiple definitions of MetS, leading to confusion and inconsistencies in research findings. This review critically examines the existing definitions and emerging information, highlighting the need for standardized criteria to enable comparisons between studies and better identify at-risk patients. The increasing prevalence of MetS in children and adolescents, particularly in developing countries, underscores the importance of focusing on established risk factors rather than diagnosing MetS in this age group. The review also discusses the epidemiology of MetS, its clinical implications, and the pathogenesis of the syndrome, including the roles of obesity, insulin resistance, chronic stress, and other factors. The authors conclude that while the exact pathogenesis of MetS remains unclear, further research is needed to develop comprehensive and practical criteria for its diagnosis and management.