The article "Metabolomics for Clinical Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Target Identification" by Chunsheng Lin et al. reviews the role of metabolomics in identifying small-molecule metabolite biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Metabolomics, which involves the systematic quantification and identification of small-molecule metabolites, is crucial for understanding disease pathology and developing targeted therapies. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics is highlighted as a powerful tool for analyzing metabolic changes in biological samples, providing insights into disease mechanisms and drug efficacy. The review covers the application of metabolomics in various diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. It also discusses the use of metabolomics in herbal medicine research, where it helps in identifying active ingredients and therapeutic targets. The article emphasizes the importance of metabolomics in disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and efficacy evaluation, while also addressing the challenges and limitations of the field.The article "Metabolomics for Clinical Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Target Identification" by Chunsheng Lin et al. reviews the role of metabolomics in identifying small-molecule metabolite biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Metabolomics, which involves the systematic quantification and identification of small-molecule metabolites, is crucial for understanding disease pathology and developing targeted therapies. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics is highlighted as a powerful tool for analyzing metabolic changes in biological samples, providing insights into disease mechanisms and drug efficacy. The review covers the application of metabolomics in various diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. It also discusses the use of metabolomics in herbal medicine research, where it helps in identifying active ingredients and therapeutic targets. The article emphasizes the importance of metabolomics in disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and efficacy evaluation, while also addressing the challenges and limitations of the field.