Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment due to their unique properties. These NPs, including iron oxide, gold, silver, and cerium oxide, offer various applications such as imaging, drug delivery, and therapeutic interventions. Iron oxide NPs, like superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as contrast agents. Gold NPs are valuable for their optical properties and are used in imaging and drug delivery. Silver NPs have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects but raise concerns about toxicity. Cerium oxide NPs act as antioxidants and may help reduce oxidative stress in CVD. Despite their potential, the long-term safety and toxicity of these NPs require further study. The review highlights the promising applications of metal-based NPs in CVD treatment while emphasizing the need for more research to ensure their safe and effective use.Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment due to their unique properties. These NPs, including iron oxide, gold, silver, and cerium oxide, offer various applications such as imaging, drug delivery, and therapeutic interventions. Iron oxide NPs, like superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as contrast agents. Gold NPs are valuable for their optical properties and are used in imaging and drug delivery. Silver NPs have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects but raise concerns about toxicity. Cerium oxide NPs act as antioxidants and may help reduce oxidative stress in CVD. Despite their potential, the long-term safety and toxicity of these NPs require further study. The review highlights the promising applications of metal-based NPs in CVD treatment while emphasizing the need for more research to ensure their safe and effective use.