The chapter discusses the application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in energy storage and conversion technologies, highlighting their structural diversity, functionality, and versatility. MOFs are well-suited for energy applications due to their porous structures, tunable pore sizes, and high surface areas. The review covers recent progress in MOFs and their composites and derivatives, focusing on their structure, composition, and function. Key areas of application include hydrogen and methane storage, chemical hydrogen storage, solar energy conversion (photocatalytic hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction), and electrical energy storage (fuel cells, proton conduction, and supercapacitors). The text also explores the integration of MOFs with other materials to enhance performance and the development of MOF-derived catalysts for efficient energy conversion processes.The chapter discusses the application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in energy storage and conversion technologies, highlighting their structural diversity, functionality, and versatility. MOFs are well-suited for energy applications due to their porous structures, tunable pore sizes, and high surface areas. The review covers recent progress in MOFs and their composites and derivatives, focusing on their structure, composition, and function. Key areas of application include hydrogen and methane storage, chemical hydrogen storage, solar energy conversion (photocatalytic hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction), and electrical energy storage (fuel cells, proton conduction, and supercapacitors). The text also explores the integration of MOFs with other materials to enhance performance and the development of MOF-derived catalysts for efficient energy conversion processes.