The paper provides an updated review of strategies to mitigate enteric methane (CH₄) emissions from ruminants, aiming to reduce global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve feed conversion efficiency. Various biotechnologies, such as immunization and biological control, have shown mixed results, highlighting the challenges in modulating the rumen microbial ecosystem. Probiotics, including acetogens and live yeasts, remain a promising but inconclusive approach. Eliminating rumen protozoa to reduce methanogenesis is promising but requires careful evaluation of livestock performance. Feed additives like ionophores, organic acids, and plant extracts have also been explored, with plant extracts gaining renewed interest as natural alternatives to chemical additives. Nutritional strategies, particularly those involving energy-based concentrates and forages, are the most developed and ready for application. The selection of animals based on low CH₄ production and high digestive efficiency is another potential approach. However, the sustainability of CH₄ suppressing strategies is crucial, and their evaluation should consider total GHG emissions at the farm scale. The paper emphasizes the need for integrated approaches that consider the rumen microbiota, animal performance, and diet to find long-term solutions.The paper provides an updated review of strategies to mitigate enteric methane (CH₄) emissions from ruminants, aiming to reduce global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve feed conversion efficiency. Various biotechnologies, such as immunization and biological control, have shown mixed results, highlighting the challenges in modulating the rumen microbial ecosystem. Probiotics, including acetogens and live yeasts, remain a promising but inconclusive approach. Eliminating rumen protozoa to reduce methanogenesis is promising but requires careful evaluation of livestock performance. Feed additives like ionophores, organic acids, and plant extracts have also been explored, with plant extracts gaining renewed interest as natural alternatives to chemical additives. Nutritional strategies, particularly those involving energy-based concentrates and forages, are the most developed and ready for application. The selection of animals based on low CH₄ production and high digestive efficiency is another potential approach. However, the sustainability of CH₄ suppressing strategies is crucial, and their evaluation should consider total GHG emissions at the farm scale. The paper emphasizes the need for integrated approaches that consider the rumen microbiota, animal performance, and diet to find long-term solutions.