This paper explores the most common methods of data collection in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. It examines each method in detail, focusing on their practical application, appropriate use, and contributions to dental research. The paper highlights the differences between structured, semi-structured, and unstructured interviews, emphasizing the flexibility and depth offered by semi-structured interviews. It also discusses the importance of ethical considerations, such as informed consent and confidentiality, in conducting interviews. For focus groups, the paper outlines criteria for their use, including generating collective views and rich insights, and provides guidance on group composition, moderation, and data analysis. Examples from dental studies using these methods are provided to illustrate their effectiveness in addressing sensitive topics and gaining deeper understanding. The conclusion emphasizes the continued relevance and utility of interviews and focus groups in dental research, particularly in areas where quantitative methods are limited.This paper explores the most common methods of data collection in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. It examines each method in detail, focusing on their practical application, appropriate use, and contributions to dental research. The paper highlights the differences between structured, semi-structured, and unstructured interviews, emphasizing the flexibility and depth offered by semi-structured interviews. It also discusses the importance of ethical considerations, such as informed consent and confidentiality, in conducting interviews. For focus groups, the paper outlines criteria for their use, including generating collective views and rich insights, and provides guidance on group composition, moderation, and data analysis. Examples from dental studies using these methods are provided to illustrate their effectiveness in addressing sensitive topics and gaining deeper understanding. The conclusion emphasizes the continued relevance and utility of interviews and focus groups in dental research, particularly in areas where quantitative methods are limited.