MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of metabolism, influencing cholesterol, lipid, insulin, and glucose homeostasis. miR-33a and miR-33b, along with their host genes SREBP, regulate lipid and cholesterol metabolism. miR-122 is a liver-specific miRNA involved in cholesterol homeostasis and has been explored as a therapeutic target for metabolic disorders. miR-34a is implicated in hepatic lipid homeostasis and metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dysregulation of miRNAs can contribute to metabolic disorders, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets. miRNAs regulate metabolic processes through complex interactions with transcription factors and other regulatory mechanisms. For example, miR-33a and miR-33b target genes involved in cholesterol efflux and lipid metabolism, influencing HDL levels and atherosclerosis. miR-103 and miR-107 are involved in insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis, with dysregulation linked to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. miR-34a may contribute to metabolic diseases by modulating SIRT1 and p53 pathways. Circulating miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers and endocrine signaling molecules, with roles in disease states such as NAFLD, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. miRNAs can be transported in lipoproteins like HDL, where they may influence gene expression in target cells. Therapeutic approaches targeting miRNAs, such as antisense oligonucleotides, are being explored for metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular disease and obesity. MiRNAs are involved in adipogenesis, obesity, and NAFLD, with specific miRNAs like miR-143 and miR-34a playing roles in lipid metabolism and liver disease. The miR-34a-SIRT1 regulatory circuit is important for metabolic control, with miR-34a inhibiting SIRT1 and affecting key metabolic targets. Circulating miRNAs may serve as biomarkers for metabolic diseases and could be used for monitoring disease progression. The role of miRNAs in metabolic disorders is an active area of research, with ongoing investigations into their mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and clinical applications. Future studies aim to clarify the in vivo contributions of specific miRNAs to metabolic diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of metabolism, influencing cholesterol, lipid, insulin, and glucose homeostasis. miR-33a and miR-33b, along with their host genes SREBP, regulate lipid and cholesterol metabolism. miR-122 is a liver-specific miRNA involved in cholesterol homeostasis and has been explored as a therapeutic target for metabolic disorders. miR-34a is implicated in hepatic lipid homeostasis and metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dysregulation of miRNAs can contribute to metabolic disorders, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets. miRNAs regulate metabolic processes through complex interactions with transcription factors and other regulatory mechanisms. For example, miR-33a and miR-33b target genes involved in cholesterol efflux and lipid metabolism, influencing HDL levels and atherosclerosis. miR-103 and miR-107 are involved in insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis, with dysregulation linked to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. miR-34a may contribute to metabolic diseases by modulating SIRT1 and p53 pathways. Circulating miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers and endocrine signaling molecules, with roles in disease states such as NAFLD, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. miRNAs can be transported in lipoproteins like HDL, where they may influence gene expression in target cells. Therapeutic approaches targeting miRNAs, such as antisense oligonucleotides, are being explored for metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular disease and obesity. MiRNAs are involved in adipogenesis, obesity, and NAFLD, with specific miRNAs like miR-143 and miR-34a playing roles in lipid metabolism and liver disease. The miR-34a-SIRT1 regulatory circuit is important for metabolic control, with miR-34a inhibiting SIRT1 and affecting key metabolic targets. Circulating miRNAs may serve as biomarkers for metabolic diseases and could be used for monitoring disease progression. The role of miRNAs in metabolic disorders is an active area of research, with ongoing investigations into their mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and clinical applications. Future studies aim to clarify the in vivo contributions of specific miRNAs to metabolic diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets.