This review examines the presence and effects of microplastics (MPs) and nano plastics (NPs) in fruits and vegetables. Plastics, which are common environmental pollutants, can adsorb particles through plant roots or surfaces, making plants a significant pathway for MPs and NPs in the food chain. The review discusses various sample preparation and analytical methods for isolating and identifying MPs and NPs from fruits, vegetables, and their seedlings. Studies have shown that MPs and NPs can enter plants through foliar absorption or root uptake, causing physical damage, slowing growth, and increasing oxidative stress. The review also highlights the need for more realistic and extensive testing conditions to ensure the applicability of current research findings. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of identifying the amount of plastics in fresh fruits and vegetables to assess potential health risks to consumers. The review concludes by calling for standardized and precise detection methods and further research on the long-term effects of MPs and NPs on plant health and the food chain.This review examines the presence and effects of microplastics (MPs) and nano plastics (NPs) in fruits and vegetables. Plastics, which are common environmental pollutants, can adsorb particles through plant roots or surfaces, making plants a significant pathway for MPs and NPs in the food chain. The review discusses various sample preparation and analytical methods for isolating and identifying MPs and NPs from fruits, vegetables, and their seedlings. Studies have shown that MPs and NPs can enter plants through foliar absorption or root uptake, causing physical damage, slowing growth, and increasing oxidative stress. The review also highlights the need for more realistic and extensive testing conditions to ensure the applicability of current research findings. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of identifying the amount of plastics in fresh fruits and vegetables to assess potential health risks to consumers. The review concludes by calling for standardized and precise detection methods and further research on the long-term effects of MPs and NPs on plant health and the food chain.