Micro and nano plastics have become a growing environmental concern, as they can enter the food chain through plants, which act as access routes for these pollutants. This review discusses the presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in fruits and vegetables, their effects on plant growth, and the methods used to detect and analyze them. The review highlights that MPs and NPs are already present in fruits and vegetables, and can easily enter plant systems through roots, leaves, and stems. These particles can cause physical damage, slow plant development, increase oxidative stress, and accumulate in edible plant parts, posing a risk to human health. The review also notes that MPs and NPs can transport other harmful substances, such as pathogens and chemical pollutants, further increasing their danger. Various analytical methods have been developed to detect and characterize MPs and NPs in fruits and vegetables, including sample preparation, isolation, identification, and quantification. These methods involve techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and confocal Raman microscopy (CRM). The review also discusses the characteristics of MPs and NPs found in fruits and vegetables, including their size, shape, and chemical composition, which influence their behavior and environmental impact. The review emphasizes the need for more research on the long-term effects of MPs and NPs on plants and the food chain, as well as the development of standardized methods for their detection and quantification. It also highlights the importance of understanding the pathways through which MPs and NPs enter plants and the potential health risks they pose to humans. The review concludes that plastic pollution is a significant global issue, and further research and regulation are needed to mitigate its impact on the environment and human health.Micro and nano plastics have become a growing environmental concern, as they can enter the food chain through plants, which act as access routes for these pollutants. This review discusses the presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in fruits and vegetables, their effects on plant growth, and the methods used to detect and analyze them. The review highlights that MPs and NPs are already present in fruits and vegetables, and can easily enter plant systems through roots, leaves, and stems. These particles can cause physical damage, slow plant development, increase oxidative stress, and accumulate in edible plant parts, posing a risk to human health. The review also notes that MPs and NPs can transport other harmful substances, such as pathogens and chemical pollutants, further increasing their danger. Various analytical methods have been developed to detect and characterize MPs and NPs in fruits and vegetables, including sample preparation, isolation, identification, and quantification. These methods involve techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and confocal Raman microscopy (CRM). The review also discusses the characteristics of MPs and NPs found in fruits and vegetables, including their size, shape, and chemical composition, which influence their behavior and environmental impact. The review emphasizes the need for more research on the long-term effects of MPs and NPs on plants and the food chain, as well as the development of standardized methods for their detection and quantification. It also highlights the importance of understanding the pathways through which MPs and NPs enter plants and the potential health risks they pose to humans. The review concludes that plastic pollution is a significant global issue, and further research and regulation are needed to mitigate its impact on the environment and human health.