This comprehensive review explores the critical role of the human microbiota in the development and management of endocrine-related diseases. It highlights the complex interactions between the microbiota and the endocrine system, emphasizing the implications of microbiota dysbiosis for various endocrine disorders. Key topics include the impact of microbiota on hormone regulation, its role in endocrine pathologies, and promising avenues for microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. The review underscores the importance of this research in advancing personalized medicine, offering insights for more tailored and effective treatments for endocrine-related diseases. The article also delves into the gut microbiota's composition, its influence on the endocrine system, and the emerging concept of microbiota-endocrine system interactions. It discusses the mechanisms by which microbiota can influence hormone regulation, including the synthesis of essential nutrients, the activity of enzymes that metabolize hormones, and the modulation of stress hormones. The review further examines the implications of microbiota dysbiosis in endocrine-related diseases such as diabetes, obesity, thyroid disorders, and bone health. Finally, it explores the potential of novel therapeutic approaches targeting microbiota-endocrine interactions, highlighting the promise of these approaches in advancing personalized medicine.This comprehensive review explores the critical role of the human microbiota in the development and management of endocrine-related diseases. It highlights the complex interactions between the microbiota and the endocrine system, emphasizing the implications of microbiota dysbiosis for various endocrine disorders. Key topics include the impact of microbiota on hormone regulation, its role in endocrine pathologies, and promising avenues for microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. The review underscores the importance of this research in advancing personalized medicine, offering insights for more tailored and effective treatments for endocrine-related diseases. The article also delves into the gut microbiota's composition, its influence on the endocrine system, and the emerging concept of microbiota-endocrine system interactions. It discusses the mechanisms by which microbiota can influence hormone regulation, including the synthesis of essential nutrients, the activity of enzymes that metabolize hormones, and the modulation of stress hormones. The review further examines the implications of microbiota dysbiosis in endocrine-related diseases such as diabetes, obesity, thyroid disorders, and bone health. Finally, it explores the potential of novel therapeutic approaches targeting microbiota-endocrine interactions, highlighting the promise of these approaches in advancing personalized medicine.