The article reviews the use of microbubbles in ultrasound-triggered drug and gene delivery. Microbubbles, gas-filled microspheres, are biocompatible and can be injected intravenously. They can be destroyed by ultrasound irradiation, which enhances drug delivery and gene transfection. Ultrasound can be focused to target specific tissues, improving treatment selectivity and reducing side effects. Microbubbles enhance ultrasound energy deposition and serve as cavitation nuclei, increasing intracellular drug delivery. DNA delivery and successful tissue transfection have been observed in areas treated with intravascularly administered microbubbles and plasmid DNA. Microbubbles also accelerate blood clot dissolution in areas of ultrasound application, as demonstrated in clinical trials. The article discusses the design and behavior of microbubbles, their interaction with ultrasound, and their applications in imaging, targeting, and controlled release. It highlights the potential of microbubbles as drug delivery and potentiation vehicles, either co-administered with drugs or pre-loaded with pharmaceutical agents for triggered release and tissue deposition. The review also explores the bioeffects of microbubbles in the presence of ultrasound, including enhanced vascular permeability and cell membrane permeability, and their use in thrombolysis and gene delivery. Finally, it discusses the development of drug-loaded microbubbles and multi-particle assemblies for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, emphasizing the clinical potential of these approaches in oncology and vascular applications.The article reviews the use of microbubbles in ultrasound-triggered drug and gene delivery. Microbubbles, gas-filled microspheres, are biocompatible and can be injected intravenously. They can be destroyed by ultrasound irradiation, which enhances drug delivery and gene transfection. Ultrasound can be focused to target specific tissues, improving treatment selectivity and reducing side effects. Microbubbles enhance ultrasound energy deposition and serve as cavitation nuclei, increasing intracellular drug delivery. DNA delivery and successful tissue transfection have been observed in areas treated with intravascularly administered microbubbles and plasmid DNA. Microbubbles also accelerate blood clot dissolution in areas of ultrasound application, as demonstrated in clinical trials. The article discusses the design and behavior of microbubbles, their interaction with ultrasound, and their applications in imaging, targeting, and controlled release. It highlights the potential of microbubbles as drug delivery and potentiation vehicles, either co-administered with drugs or pre-loaded with pharmaceutical agents for triggered release and tissue deposition. The review also explores the bioeffects of microbubbles in the presence of ultrasound, including enhanced vascular permeability and cell membrane permeability, and their use in thrombolysis and gene delivery. Finally, it discusses the development of drug-loaded microbubbles and multi-particle assemblies for ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, emphasizing the clinical potential of these approaches in oncology and vascular applications.