The article discusses the microeconomic aspects of technology adoption, focusing on how and why farmers in low-income countries adopt new technologies. It highlights the role of technology diffusion in reducing global inequality and the challenges in measuring the returns to technology adoption. The study reviews recent empirical research on technology adoption, emphasizing the importance of understanding the factors that influence adoption decisions, such as education, income, and social networks. It also addresses the difficulties in measuring the returns to technology adoption, particularly in cases where the technology improves health or welfare rather than profits. The article discusses the role of learning in technology adoption, noting that farmers may learn from their neighbors or from their own experience. It also examines the impact of heterogeneity in land and the returns to different technologies, and the challenges in inferring the returns to technology adoption in the presence of farm heterogeneity. The study concludes that understanding the factors that influence technology adoption is crucial for promoting economic growth and development.The article discusses the microeconomic aspects of technology adoption, focusing on how and why farmers in low-income countries adopt new technologies. It highlights the role of technology diffusion in reducing global inequality and the challenges in measuring the returns to technology adoption. The study reviews recent empirical research on technology adoption, emphasizing the importance of understanding the factors that influence adoption decisions, such as education, income, and social networks. It also addresses the difficulties in measuring the returns to technology adoption, particularly in cases where the technology improves health or welfare rather than profits. The article discusses the role of learning in technology adoption, noting that farmers may learn from their neighbors or from their own experience. It also examines the impact of heterogeneity in land and the returns to different technologies, and the challenges in inferring the returns to technology adoption in the presence of farm heterogeneity. The study concludes that understanding the factors that influence technology adoption is crucial for promoting economic growth and development.