The article provides an overview of the recent literature on microorganisms with claimed probiotic properties. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. The human microbiota, particularly the gut microbiota, has gained significant attention due to its potential impact on health. The credibility and safety of specific probiotic strains must be established through scientific clinical studies. The article highlights the most commonly used probiotic microorganisms, including *Lactobacillus*, *Bifidobacterium*, *Saccharomyces*, *Enterococcus*, *Streptococcus*, *Pediococcus*, *Leuconostoc*, *Bacillus*, and *Escherichia coli*. Strain-specific identification is crucial for understanding their biological effects. While most probiotics are generally considered safe and beneficial for healthy individuals, caution is advised for patients with compromised immune systems or critical illnesses. The article also discusses the diverse health claims of individual probiotic microorganisms, ranging from managing gastrointestinal diseases to reducing cholesterol levels. However, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to validate these claims. The conclusion emphasizes the ongoing research and the need for scientific evidence to support the use of probiotics in treating various conditions.The article provides an overview of the recent literature on microorganisms with claimed probiotic properties. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. The human microbiota, particularly the gut microbiota, has gained significant attention due to its potential impact on health. The credibility and safety of specific probiotic strains must be established through scientific clinical studies. The article highlights the most commonly used probiotic microorganisms, including *Lactobacillus*, *Bifidobacterium*, *Saccharomyces*, *Enterococcus*, *Streptococcus*, *Pediococcus*, *Leuconostoc*, *Bacillus*, and *Escherichia coli*. Strain-specific identification is crucial for understanding their biological effects. While most probiotics are generally considered safe and beneficial for healthy individuals, caution is advised for patients with compromised immune systems or critical illnesses. The article also discusses the diverse health claims of individual probiotic microorganisms, ranging from managing gastrointestinal diseases to reducing cholesterol levels. However, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to validate these claims. The conclusion emphasizes the ongoing research and the need for scientific evidence to support the use of probiotics in treating various conditions.