Microplastics (MPs) are a growing threat to the Amazon biome, with limited research despite their widespread presence. The Amazon, a vast and ecologically significant region, faces significant challenges in managing MP pollution due to poor sanitation, inadequate waste management, and limited scientific infrastructure. MPs were found in various environments, including water, sediments, and biota, with secondary MPs, primarily fibers, dominating. MP concentrations ranged from 0.34 to 38.3 particles per individual in biota, 5 to 476,000 particles per cubic meter in water, and 492.5 to 1.30848 × 10⁷ particles per cubic meter in sediment. These levels are comparable to those in heavily polluted areas. The Amazon's vast size and complex ecosystems make it a major source of MP pollution for the world's oceans. Poor sanitation and inadequate waste management are key sources of MPs, with fishing activities and tourism also contributing. The review highlights the need for improved research infrastructure, standardized methods, and international collaboration to better understand and mitigate MP pollution in the Amazon. Future research should focus on expanding data collection, improving sampling and processing techniques, and addressing the lack of studies on terrestrial environments and less commonly studied organisms. The study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the health impacts on local communities and developing effective policies to prevent MPs from entering the food chain.Microplastics (MPs) are a growing threat to the Amazon biome, with limited research despite their widespread presence. The Amazon, a vast and ecologically significant region, faces significant challenges in managing MP pollution due to poor sanitation, inadequate waste management, and limited scientific infrastructure. MPs were found in various environments, including water, sediments, and biota, with secondary MPs, primarily fibers, dominating. MP concentrations ranged from 0.34 to 38.3 particles per individual in biota, 5 to 476,000 particles per cubic meter in water, and 492.5 to 1.30848 × 10⁷ particles per cubic meter in sediment. These levels are comparable to those in heavily polluted areas. The Amazon's vast size and complex ecosystems make it a major source of MP pollution for the world's oceans. Poor sanitation and inadequate waste management are key sources of MPs, with fishing activities and tourism also contributing. The review highlights the need for improved research infrastructure, standardized methods, and international collaboration to better understand and mitigate MP pollution in the Amazon. Future research should focus on expanding data collection, improving sampling and processing techniques, and addressing the lack of studies on terrestrial environments and less commonly studied organisms. The study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the health impacts on local communities and developing effective policies to prevent MPs from entering the food chain.