The article provides an overview of recent progress in the use of microsatellite markers (SSRs) in plant genetics and breeding. SSRs, which are tandem repeats of 1-6 nucleotide motifs, have gained significant importance due to their hypervariability, multiallelic nature, codominant inheritance, reproducibility, and extensive genome coverage. These markers can be derived from genomic DNA libraries or specific SSR-enriched libraries, and they are also found in public databases like GenBank and EMBL. The high allelic variation in SSRs is attributed to replication slippage and unequal crossing-over during meiosis. Despite limited understanding of the functions of SSR motifs, they are widely used in plant genome analysis. The review discusses recent developments in plant genetics using SSR markers over the past 4-5 years, highlighting their applicability in various techniques such as population genetics, phylogenetic studies, and marker-assisted selections.The article provides an overview of recent progress in the use of microsatellite markers (SSRs) in plant genetics and breeding. SSRs, which are tandem repeats of 1-6 nucleotide motifs, have gained significant importance due to their hypervariability, multiallelic nature, codominant inheritance, reproducibility, and extensive genome coverage. These markers can be derived from genomic DNA libraries or specific SSR-enriched libraries, and they are also found in public databases like GenBank and EMBL. The high allelic variation in SSRs is attributed to replication slippage and unequal crossing-over during meiosis. Despite limited understanding of the functions of SSR motifs, they are widely used in plant genome analysis. The review discusses recent developments in plant genetics using SSR markers over the past 4-5 years, highlighting their applicability in various techniques such as population genetics, phylogenetic studies, and marker-assisted selections.