The chapter "Microservices: yesterday, today, and tomorrow" by Nicola Dragoni, Saverio Giallorenzo, Alberto Lluch Lafuente, Manuel Mazzara, Fabrizio Montesi, Ruslan Mustafin, and Larisa Safina provides an overview of the evolution and current state of microservices architecture. It begins by discussing the limitations of monolithic applications, such as complexity, dependency hell, and poor scalability, which led to the development of microservices. Microservices are defined as cohesive, independent processes that communicate via messages, offering benefits like improved maintainability, scalability, and flexibility. The chapter traces the historical development of software architecture, from early object-oriented design patterns to service-oriented computing (SOC) and the emergence of microservices. It highlights the advantages of microservices, including their ability to handle distributed systems, promote modularity, and support continuous integration and delivery. The authors also address challenges such as availability, reliability, performance, security, and testability, and discuss future directions, including the need for dependable systems, formal specifications, and behavioral types. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the ongoing evolution and potential of microservices in addressing modern software development needs.The chapter "Microservices: yesterday, today, and tomorrow" by Nicola Dragoni, Saverio Giallorenzo, Alberto Lluch Lafuente, Manuel Mazzara, Fabrizio Montesi, Ruslan Mustafin, and Larisa Safina provides an overview of the evolution and current state of microservices architecture. It begins by discussing the limitations of monolithic applications, such as complexity, dependency hell, and poor scalability, which led to the development of microservices. Microservices are defined as cohesive, independent processes that communicate via messages, offering benefits like improved maintainability, scalability, and flexibility. The chapter traces the historical development of software architecture, from early object-oriented design patterns to service-oriented computing (SOC) and the emergence of microservices. It highlights the advantages of microservices, including their ability to handle distributed systems, promote modularity, and support continuous integration and delivery. The authors also address challenges such as availability, reliability, performance, security, and testability, and discuss future directions, including the need for dependable systems, formal specifications, and behavioral types. The chapter concludes by emphasizing the ongoing evolution and potential of microservices in addressing modern software development needs.