The article by J. David Creswell reviews the growing body of research on mindfulness interventions, which aim to enhance attention and awareness of the present moment. The review evaluates the effects of mindfulness interventions on health, cognitive, affective, and interpersonal outcomes, as well as their applications in new settings and populations. Methodologically rigorous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that mindfulness interventions improve outcomes in multiple domains, including chronic pain, depression relapse, and addiction. The article discusses the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects, considerations for dosing, and potential risks. It highlights the increasing integration of mindfulness interventions into institutional settings such as the workplace, schools, and the military, and their potential benefits across the life span. The review also explores the mechanisms driving the effects of mindfulness interventions, including psychological and neurobiological processes.The article by J. David Creswell reviews the growing body of research on mindfulness interventions, which aim to enhance attention and awareness of the present moment. The review evaluates the effects of mindfulness interventions on health, cognitive, affective, and interpersonal outcomes, as well as their applications in new settings and populations. Methodologically rigorous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that mindfulness interventions improve outcomes in multiple domains, including chronic pain, depression relapse, and addiction. The article discusses the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects, considerations for dosing, and potential risks. It highlights the increasing integration of mindfulness interventions into institutional settings such as the workplace, schools, and the military, and their potential benefits across the life span. The review also explores the mechanisms driving the effects of mindfulness interventions, including psychological and neurobiological processes.