2000 | Sergio Marti, T.J. Giuli, Kevin Lai, and Mary Baker
This paper presents two techniques to improve throughput in ad hoc networks with nodes that agree to forward packets but fail to do so. The techniques involve categorizing nodes based on their behavior, using a watchdog to identify misbehaving nodes and a pathrater to avoid them. Through simulations, the watchdog and pathrater increase throughput by 17% in moderate mobility scenarios with 40% misbehaving nodes, and by 27% in extreme mobility scenarios, while increasing overhead transmissions from 9% to 17% and from 12% to 24%, respectively. The watchdog detects misbehaving nodes by verifying if the next node in the path forwards packets, while the pathrater uses this information to choose the most reliable path. The watchdog has limitations, such as not detecting misbehavior in the presence of collisions or false positives. The pathrater assigns ratings to nodes based on their reliability and uses this to select the most reliable path. The techniques are implemented on top of the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol. The simulations show that the watchdog and pathrater improve network throughput while increasing overhead. The paper also discusses related work and future research directions.This paper presents two techniques to improve throughput in ad hoc networks with nodes that agree to forward packets but fail to do so. The techniques involve categorizing nodes based on their behavior, using a watchdog to identify misbehaving nodes and a pathrater to avoid them. Through simulations, the watchdog and pathrater increase throughput by 17% in moderate mobility scenarios with 40% misbehaving nodes, and by 27% in extreme mobility scenarios, while increasing overhead transmissions from 9% to 17% and from 12% to 24%, respectively. The watchdog detects misbehaving nodes by verifying if the next node in the path forwards packets, while the pathrater uses this information to choose the most reliable path. The watchdog has limitations, such as not detecting misbehavior in the presence of collisions or false positives. The pathrater assigns ratings to nodes based on their reliability and uses this to select the most reliable path. The techniques are implemented on top of the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol. The simulations show that the watchdog and pathrater improve network throughput while increasing overhead. The paper also discusses related work and future research directions.